National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Prospects of Bio-pesticides for the Future in Pest Management145156574410.21608/ejbo.2018.1994.1136ENHala MahfouzBotany Department , Faculty of Science , Ain Shams University, Cairo EgyptMawahab MahmoudPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Cairo, EgyptRasha EssamPlant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20171112IN THIS STUDY, three plant oils (fenugreek, ginseng and marjoram) and the bio-insecticide abamectin were used as agricultural insecticides. Effects of these materials on cowpea weevil (<em>Callosobruchus maculatus</em>) and on Vicia faba plant cells were examined. Results showed that the mortality percentage of<em> C. maculatus</em> adult increased with the increase of dose treatments (ml/kg) and by increasing the time of exposure. The residual activity of the tested materials on cowpea seeds at storage periods (3 months) showed that 2LC95 of tested oils have a reduction effect on <em>Callosobruchus </em>maculatus progeny (F1 ); which decreased gradually till the 6th week while, LC95 of abamectin decrease the number of F1 to zero (100% reduction) in all times of treatment until storage periods. The percentage of <em>C. maculatus </em>emergence in cowpea seed treated with the tested mixtures (oils- abamectin) showed that mixture 2 is the most effective which recorded 100% at the initial time up to 12th week.<br />On the other hand, the cytotoxic effects using root tips of Vicia faba assay showed reduction in MI in all treatments applied which increased with the increase of the concentration. It recorded 2.42, 2.01, 1.64 and 0.91% in roots treated with the highest concentration of fenugreek, ginseng, marjoram and abamectin respectively, as compared with negative control (4.18%) or with the positive control (1.83%). All the mixtures (oils- abamectin) applied recorded significant decrease in MI values. Different types of chromosome abnormalities were recorded such as stickiness, disturbance in metaphase and anaphase, C-metaphase, chromosome bridges, lagging chromosome and micronuclei at interphase.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5744_bd5bd4f9b4c9c8dc806d7c8961399256.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Growth and Metabolic Responses of Rhazya stricta Decne to Habitat Diversity in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia157170574310.21608/ejbo.2018.1970.1133ENAmal Abdel-RahmanDepartment of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science Alexandria University,
Alexandria, EgyptMuna AlmalkiDepartment of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qurah University, Makkah, Saudi ArabiaJournal Article20171103THE PRESENT study is an attempt to clarify the effect of habitat (Mountain, plain and wadi) diversity on growth behavior and metabolic activities of one common perennial dwarf shrub (<em>Rhazya stricta</em>). Plain was attained the highest moisture availability and lowest salt stress while the highest content of coarse sand recorded in wadi which led to loss water, mountain holds in its notches an adequate amount of moisture for growth of some species. Leaf area, height of plant, crown diameter, and the biomass of above ground organs furthermore, abundance measurements (absolute density, frequency and cover) were significantly varied with habitat types. The favorable habitat types for the plant growth and productivity were plain and wadi as compared with mountain. Carbohydrates and proteins (total and soluble) in different phenophases of plant were significantly varied with habitat types. The highest essential elements in all studied habitats for the plant organs (root, leaves) were Ca and K. In mountain K/Na ratio is low in mountain compared with the other habitats. This result may indicate that the plant in mountain use sodium as osmoregulatory substance, while in plain and wadi the contribution of K to the osmotic balance is larger than Na. Total flavonoids, total phenolics and essential oil were accumulated more in the plant which grow under sever mechanical stress (mountain habitat type).https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5743_72e58a92327ed1ec02954d69e7b19301.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Adaptive Responses of Aerva javanica to Severe Aridity in the Egyptian Deserts171184574710.21608/ejbo.2018.2557.1144ENFawzy SalamaBotany Department, Faculty of Science Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptMonier Abd El-GhaniBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Cairo, EgyptNoha El-TayehBotany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptAhmed AmroBotany Department, Faculty of Science Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptSara El-NaggarBotany Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptJournal Article20180109TWELVE stands of <em>Aerva javanica</em> shrubs were visited during the winter and summer seasons of 2015 in two tributaries of WadiQena (Wadi El-Atrash and Wadi El-Ghuza) in the Egyptian Eastern Desert. Soil analysis showed low contents of soil moisture (SMC) and organic matter and slight alkalinity. Chlorophyll contents (Chl. a & b) and their ratio increased significantly during summer season, while their stability index increased during winter. The contents of Ca and K were high during summer, while PO4 and Na were higher during winter. Soluble sugars and soluble proteins increased during summer while total free amino acids were higher during winter. It can be concluded that there are close relationships between the high K, Ca and Cl contents and the hot-dry conditions prevailed in the summer season, and the accumulation of soluble sugars (SS) and soluble proteins (SP) on the relatively humid-cold season. Statistical correlations showed important positive relations between soil Na and plant water content (PWC), chlorophyll parameters, SS and SP. Fortunately, there was negative relation between soil PO4 and the contents of Na and Cl in the shoots. Spatial variations were the most important factor that controls <em>A. javanica </em>PWC, Na, K, Ca, Cl, PO4, Chl. a and b, SS and SP. While, Mg, chlorophyll a stability index (CSI a), CSI b and total amino acids (TFAA)were affected by the variation in both spatial and temporal gradients.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5747_2ede5a7b68c1c2a2a0058a7da04f3091.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from Capitula extract of Some Launaea (Asteraceae) with Notes on their Taxonomic Significance185194574210.21608/ejbo.2018.1375.1111ENMomen ZarehBoilogy Dept., Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi
ArabiaNivien Nafady)Botany & Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptAhmed Faried)Botany & Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptMona Mohamed)Botany & Microbiology Dept., Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, EgyptJournal Article20170724DATA are used to re-assess the relationships between certain species of the genus Launaea Cass. belonging to the family Asteraceae. Taxonomic diversity of 10 taxa belonging to 8 species and 2 subspecies of Launaea Cass. is provided using morphological criteria concerned with vegetative and reproductive organs in addition to FTIR spectroscopy. Ecofriendly silver nanoparticles were synthesized from Launaea’s capitula extract and characterized by FTIR spectroscopy. NTSYS-pc software was used in order to analyze the data of FTIR spectroscopy and morphological characters. FTIR technique was used to recognize the functional groups of the active compound according to the peak value in Infrared radiation region. Cluster analysis based on FTIR data divided the ten studied taxa into three major groups; the first group comprises the four species of sect. Microrhynchus (<em>L. nudicaulis</em>,<em> L. intybacea</em> and <em>L. massauensis</em>) and sect. Launaea <em>(L. capitata</em>), the second group comprises the four subspecies of <em>L. angustifolia</em> and<em> L. fragilis</em>; the third group comprises the two-allied species (<em>L. mucronata</em> and <em>L. cassiniana</em>). FTIR technique found to be a rapid and accurate method for differentiating between Launaea taxa under investigation.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5742_fa1aaabef43b13ff4cb6e2a2b6141964.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Response of Broccoli Seedling to Some Plant Extracts195204574010.21608/ejbo.2017.563.1024ENA. MohsenBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptMahmoud AbdelhaakBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptM. AbdAllaVegetation Department, Horticulture Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Cairo, EgyptH. El TanbashawyVegetation Department, Horticulture Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170115AN EXPERIMENT was carried out on broccoli (<em>Brassica oleracea</em> L. var. Italica) during the winter seasons of 2014 and 2015 in Sakha Horticulture Research Station in Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate under tunnels. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two aqueous extract concentrations (10% and 20%) of fresh leaves from basil (Ocimum basilicum) and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) on growth the important medical and nutritional content of broccoli seedlings. The growth parameters of broccoli seedling significantly were increased by basil and eucalyptus leaf extracts particularly concentrations 10% of basil and eucalyptus. The fresh and dry weight of seedling root markedly increased. Also, stem length and leaf area of broccoli seedling were significantly increased. Broccoli seedlings photosynthetic pigments chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid contents were increased by most treatments especially by 20% basil extract. However, the ratio of Chl. (a+b)/carotenoid increased by higher value than the increase in the ratio of Chl. a/b showing great antioxidant capacity due to treatment by the study extracts. In addition, the soluble protein and the sugars metabolism were markedly enhanced by different treatment of basil and eucalyptus leaf extracts. The important nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and calcium) absorption was increased by 10% of eucalyptus extract which was reflected on the plant growth. In general application of the two plants extract was important to achieve a vigorous seedlings that inshore great success of seedlings transplanting in the field.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5740_e907e3adce5752d5ddea64f6792091b4.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Potential Cultivation of Halophilic Oleaginous Microalgae on Industrial Wastewater205216574110.21608/ejbo.2018.809.1054ENDorya Essa)Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptAtef Abo-ShadyBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptHanan KhairyNational Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Alexandria, EgyptAbd El-Fatah AbomohraBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt Botany Department, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University,Jiangsu, ChinaMostafa ElshobaryBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptJournal Article20170326M ICROALGAE cultivation offers an effective solution for wastewater treatment, as they provide a tertiary bio-treatment coupled with the production of valuable biomass, which can be further used for different purposes. Using wastewater for microalgal cultivation is beneficial for minimizing the use of water, reducing the cost of nutrient addition and removing nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater.<br />Lipids obtained from marine <em>Nannochloropsis oculata</em> and <em>Tetraselmis chuii</em> microalgae have received growing attention for the production of biofuels. In the present study, the effluent of El-Malyaa Company (EMC) and Salt and Soda Company (ESC) were used as growth media for the two tested oleaginous marine microalgae. Wastewater was used in different ratios with sterilized seawater, or mixed with synthetic medium (F/2). The growth was evaluated by optical density and dry weight, total lipids content and productivity were also determined.<br />The results showed that the tested species were capable of growing on the effluent wastewater of the two companies. In addition, dilution of the industrial wastewater with seawater or its mixing with synthetic culture medium (F/2) increased growth of the two tested marine microalgae. The maximum growth was recorded using a ratio of 25:75 of F/2 medium: the effluent of both companies. However, the highest lipid content and lipid productivity were recorded using a ratio of 75:25 of F/2 medium: the effluent of both companies. Therefore, this study suggests that it is possible to utilize a mixture of industrial wastewater and synthetic medium for potential biomass and lipid production from microalgae for biofuel production.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5741_f450ea0e960cd44c4ac156f48cd57bb7.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701The Potentiality of Lysinibacillus sphaericus DM-3 and Bacillus cereus DM-5 in Degrading Dimethoate217232574510.21608/ejbo.2018.2446.1151ENMahmoud SalehDepartment of Botany & Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptAhmed Fahmy YoussefChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptYara MuhammedFaculty of Biotechnology, October University of Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20180214TWO BACTERIAL strains were isolated by soil enrichment technique and identified as Lysinibacillus sphaericus DM-3 and Bacillus cereus DM-5. Biodegradation experiments were performed in carbon free-mineral salt media supplemented with 100 mg/L of dimethoate. The ability of bacterial strains to degrade the dimethoate was evaluated under various conditions such as pH range, temperature and different concentrations of dimethoate. The dimethoate residue was determined quantitatively by HPLC method and the degradation byproducts were identified by GC/MS technique. The results revealed that both bacterial strains can utilize dimethoate as a sole carbon source up to a concentration of 500 mg/L. The optimum temperature for both strains to degrade dimethoate was 28°C. <em>L. sphaericus</em> DM-3 and B. cereus DM-5 showed maximum growth in the presence of dimethoate at pH 6.0 and 7.0, respectively. <em>L. sphaericus</em> DM-3 could degrade 24% of dimethoate within 72 h, whereas the degradation percentage using B. cereus DM-5 was 17% after the same incubation period. The main byproducts from the degradation of dimethoate by<em> L. sphaericus</em> DM-3 and B. cereus DM-5 was namely O,O,S-trimethyl phosphorothioate. This study reports for the first time the efficient ability of <em>L. sphaericus</em> DM-3 and B. cereus DM-5 to degrade dimethoate, up to 500 mg/L, over a wide range of pH.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5745_091d80dc26ed5a81400ee28c0d2d32c7.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Protective Role of β-sitosterol or Gibberellic Acid to Lycopersicum esculentum Cultivars Under Temperature Stress233247574610.21608/ejbo.2018.2486.1143ENSamia HarounBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Al
Daqahliyah, EgyptRasha GamelBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Al
Daqahliyah, EgyptJamila Bashasha)Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benghazi University, Benghazi, LibyaI. Aldrussi)Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Benghazi University, Benghazi, LibyaJournal Article20180101THIS STUDY investigate the efficacy of β-sitosterol (10-3, 10-5 and 10-7 molar) or gibberellic acid (100ppm) on alleviating harmful effects of temperature stress (10oC and 45oC) on three cultivars of <em>Lycopersicum esculentum</em> Mill., mainly Fayrouz, Aziza and N23-48 to the purpose the activities of some antioxidant enzymes, protein patterns and DNA finger print in order to focus on the role of β-sitosterol or gibberellic acid for enhancing plant tolerance against temperature stress. It was found that, temperature stress (10oC and 45oC) decreased the activities of catalase and peroxidase, while β-sitosterol (10-3, 10-5 and 10-7 molar) or gibberellic acid (100ppm) enhanced these enzymes activity. The electrophoresis studies showed that some new protein bands and DNA finger print were observed probably to increase plant tolerance against temperature stress. These results give a positive indication of the use of β-sitosterol specially 10-5 molar or gibberellic acid in field application to ameliorate the toxic effects of temperature on tomato plants.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5746_5dbfc51f91a3b397f45210c03d3a7bc2.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Exogenous Salicylic Acid Ameliorates the Adverse Effects of Salt Stress on Antioxidant System in Rosmarinus officinalis L249263582210.21608/ejbo.2018.1772.1124ENMaissa MorsiDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Women for Art, Science & Education, Ain Shams University, EgyptHala AbdelmigidDepartment of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, KSA Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansura, EgyptNora Aljoudi)Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, KSAJournal Article20171003S ALT stress is a main factor limiting plant growth and productivity. Salicylic acid (SA) has been shown to alleviate the adverse effects of different environmental stresses on plants. To investigate the protective role of salicylic acid (SA) in alleviating salt stress on <em>Rosmarinus officinalis</em> L. (rosemary) plant, a pot experiment was conducted to measure the growth parameters such as plant height and branch number. An antioxidant defense system, represented by catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POX), was evaluated at both biochemical and transcriptional levels. NaCl was applied at 0, 25, 50 and 100mM and 0, 0.2 and 0.4mM of SA were used. The exposure of rosemary plant to salt conditions resulted in significant reduction of plant height, branches number and increases in the three measured antioxidant enzyme activities, compared to control. The foliar application of SA effectively increased growth rates and enhanced the activities of CAT, SOD and POX enzymes. The PCR (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that the relative transcript levels of SOD, CAT, and POX genes were changed and up-regulated compared to the control due to NaCl stress and SA treatments, reached the highest expression level by applying 25mM NaCl and 0 SA treatments. The results implied that SA regulated the transcript levels of the antioxidant genes, resulting in the increased contents of antioxidant enzymes and enhanced salt tolerance.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_5822_9bc263883b5a0a735d558fbba111617c.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Mitigation of Lead Stress in Triticum aestivum by Seed Priming in Aqueous Extracts of The Macroalgae Halimeda opuntia and Codium fragile 263274645810.21608/ejbo.2018.2943.1153ENAfaf NessimBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt0000-0002-0051-1383Rania El-ShenodyBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptJournal Article20180219THE MAJOR aim was to assess the effects of lead stress on Triticum aestivum (cv. Gemmeza R2) and to evaluate the role of seed priming in the aqueous extract of Halimeda opuntia or Codium fragile in the alleviation of these harmful effects. Seven days old <em>T. aestivum </em>seedlings growing from primed seeds were subjected to the sub-lethal concentration (400ppm) of lead nitrate (Pb (NO3)2), then left to grow for 14 days. Results revealed that the lead nitrate significantly decreased root length, shoot height and fresh and dry masses of root and shoot, the content of N, PO4, K, Mg, Ca and Cu, photosynthetic pigments (Chl a, Chl b), total chlorophyll and photosynthetic activity of 21-days-old plants. On the other hand, carotenoid contents, total soluble sugars, Na and Fe content, the activities of catalase and peroxidase, ascorbic acid and malondialdehyde increased in leaves. The bioactive components in H. opuntia and C. fragile extracts such as minerals and phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins and gibberellins) could potentially participate in the alleviation of lead stress. Therefore, priming of <em>T. aestivum</em> seeds with the aqueous extracts of H. opuntia or C. fragile could mitigate all of the recorded harmful effects under lead stress.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_6458_08a4596b51f79519436d1833ac502497.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Influence of Different Habitats on The Chemical Constituents of Codium tomentosum 275285619610.21608/ejbo.2018.2114.1138ENHoda MansourDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptM. M. EmamDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptN.H. MostafaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20171123THE CURRENT study was conducted to assess the influence of different harvesting site (habitat) on the chemical constituents of <em>Codium tomentosum</em> Stack collected from two different sites on the coast of Egypt (Mediterranean [M] and Red [R] Seas). The current results showed that, salinity and temperature of the Red Sea is relatively higher than those of the Mediterranean one. Additionally, results indicated significant differences in the biochemical profiles of Codium between the two sampling sites. The total carbohydrate, proline, glycerol content together with total antioxidant capacity, reducing power as well as mineral content (Na+, K+ and Ca++) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (PPO, POX, ASO, APX and CAT) of Codium collected from site R were significantly higher than of those collected from site M. In contrast, total protein, total amino acids, flavonoids contents were predominated in Codium harvested from the Mediterranean Sea. No significant differences in ascorbic acid, glutathione, chlorophyll a content and total phenols collected from the two sites. The electrophoretic analysis of protein pattern revealed the appearance of of 7 and 8 polypeptide bands in Codium from the two sites (M and R, respectively). However polypeptides with molecular weights 93, 72 and 42kDa were recorded only for Codium of site (M), while that of 17 kDa was specific for Codium of site (R). In conclusion, this study shows that the different sampling sites influences on biochemical profiles of Codium. However, Codium in response to extreme temperatures and salinity, may alter its metabolism, building a strong protection system and producing compatible solutes in various ways to overcome these stress. This result is a step towards to study the algal diverse biochemical integrations involved in cellular adaptation of algae to different environmental factors and habitats.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_6196_acbd7646492e9475beb55ddbfd831644.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Adaptation of Marrubium vulgare L Species to The Habitat Alteration in Disturbance Regime287296619710.21608/ejbo.2017.1467.1116ENMahmoud AliPlant Ecology and Range Management Department, Desert Research Center, ElMataria, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170809<em>MARRUBIUM VULGARE </em>L (white horehound) is a perennial flowering species belongs to Labiatae (Lamiaceae). Marrubium genus is native to North Africa, Europe, and the Mediterranean basin. Worldwide, it represented by 30 species. In Egypt, there are two species only distributed in the northern coastal belt wherever calcareous or oolitic sand formation, especially in marginal lands and waste ground, the ruins of the old abandoned house and road sides. The main differences between the two species are life span (perennial and annual), number of calyx teeth (10 and 5) and the color of the corolla (white and pale pink) of M. vulgare and M. alysson, respectively. With the accelerated rate of climate change and urbanization and their destroyed effects on biodiversity loss and fragmentation of habitat. This study examines if some species could adapted to habitat disturbance. For this purposes we choose M. vulgare as a model species for habitat disturbance. Phenological aspects, distribution, density, size structure and reproductive efforts of M. vulgare were studied in four different locations in the western Mediterranean section. Locations are representing two different habitats: Road sides (wild habitats) and abandoned places (urban habitat). The study claimed that there are a significant difference between reproductive efforts, size index and density, whereas, no differences between the phenological aspects.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_6197_be24b238c3d1e9a9cf1c8241d04ccbd4.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923758220180701Salicylic Acid Triggers Adaptation Cadmium Cytogenetic Toxicity in Roots of Nigella sativa L297310890410.21608/ejbo.2018.3049.1159ENAbass El-GhameryBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptMohamed MousaBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20180228CADMIUM (Cd) is a toxic heavy-metal pollutant in the environment, it is a nonessential element, which strongly inhibits plant growth and development, and causes plant death even at very low concentrations. Root tip cells of Nigella sativa were separately treated with different concentrations (5, 10, 25 and 50ppm) of cadmium for 3, 6, 12 and 24h and the results were recorded. The results showed that all concentrations of cadmium reduced the mitotic index and caused a disturbance in the frequencies of mitotic phases. The treatment with 50ppm of metal for 24h was the most effective in reducing the mitotic activity and inducing the highest percentage of mitotic abnormalities. The different types of abnormalities were irregulatries, bridges, sickness at different phases, disturbed chromosomes or bi nucleated cells, forward and lagging chromosomes. Also, in this study three concentrations of SA (0.01, 0.1 and 0.2mM) for 6 and 12h were used to recover the cytotoxicity of the cadmium treatment (50ppm for 3 and 24h). This Post treatment with SA resulted in increasing MI and significant reduction of chromosomal abnormalities. These results illustrate the ameliorating effect of SA under stress conditions and reveal that SA is effective in alleviating the toxic effects of heavy metals at all applied concentrations.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_8904_1fe07f9c00ff4620f9c494e7a9e9323c.pdf