National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Establishment of in Direct Propagation of Mandarin ( Citrus reticulata L) Using Tissue Culture405416392310.21608/ejbo.2017.799.1050ENAwatef BadreldenPlant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology Research Institute (GIBRI), University of Sadat City, EgyptJournal Article20170324THE PRESENT investigation deals with development of an efficient micropropagation protocol for mandarin (<em>Citrus</em> <em>reticulata</em> L.) via in direct propagation using cotyledons and juice vesicles as explant. The establishment of <em>in vitro</em> callus induction from leaf, stem segments and cotyledon system were excised from seedlings has been done. Best results for induction of callus were observed from cotyledons and stem segments 100% on MS medium supplemented 1 or 2mg/l 2,4-D. MS medium supplemented with 300mg/l glutamine or 1.5mg/l casein hydrolysate proved to be the most efficient additive in promoting callus formation from juice vesical with 4.22, 4.23g/callus fresh weight, 100% response and was the most favorable medium. Maximum callus fresh weight (7.96 g) and 100% response were obtained from juice vesicles when cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2mg/l 2,4-D and 10% coconut water. The highest callus regeneration and weight of callus observed from juice vesicles by adding 2mg/l 2,4-D, 300 or 400 mg/l malt extract. Callus raised from juice vesicles showed maximum shoots (96.67%) with 0.5mg/l Kin, 400mg/l malt extract and 2mg/l NAA. Regenerated shoots raised from juice vesicles showed better shoot multiplication and highest length of shoots on MS medium with 2mg/l BA and 0.4mg/l NAA. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and best response (98%) was observed with NAA (2 mg/l) and gave maximum, roots number, roots length and leaves number. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized with survival rate reaching almost 87%. These plants grew normally without showing any morphological variation. Developed protocol can be useful for application of somatic embryogenesis from juice vesicles to improve mandarin.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_3923_6ae6dcd43c302c8be8a0d06344957428.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Biosynthesis of Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles Using Fusarium verticillioides (Sacc.) and Their Biological Activity against Some Causative Agents of Mycotic Keratitis417428375210.21608/ejbo.2017.899.1066ENSamah El-DebaikyBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptAnwer El-BadryBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptMohammed MagdyEl-ShahawyPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.Journal Article20170411IN THE present study, Nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NiONPs) were bio-synthesized extracellularly by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides (F. verticillioides) using Nickel Nitrate Hexahydrate Ni(NO3)2.6H2O as a starting material. The formed NiONPs were precipitated in the form of a dark precipitate after adding the fungal filtrate to Ni(NO3)2.6H2O solution. The properties of this formed precipitate were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR). The XRD pattern indicated that the NiONPs had a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure and their average crystallite size was found to be 8-17.7 nm. The average particle size found to be 8.5-20.7 nm from TEM image, which was compatible with XRD result. The FTIR analysis bands revealed the chemical composition bonding of the formed nano-NiO compound.<br />The antifungal activity of the formed NiONPs was tested against some human pathogenic fungi which were isolated from mycotic keratitis patients, inpatient department of ophthalmology hospital, Tanta University, Egypt. The best results obtained against Candida albicans, C. tropicalis and Aspergillus niger where the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 12.5, 25 and 25 mg/ml, respectively. Further confirmation of NiONPs biological activity was employed by measurement of their concentration at different intervals within skin, blood and liver of experimental animals, showing a promising absorption and washing out rates from mice tissues; these results indicated that the NiONPs did not accumulated within mice bodies.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_3752_b882d82e3925ec6b2b5795e532b02203.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Systematics Implications of GC-MS Analysis of Secondary Metabolites in the Ethanol Extract of Solanum Species from South West Saudi Arabia429444324710.21608/ejbo.2017.520.1019ENGamal El-ShabouryBiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalied University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaSoliman HarounBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt0000-0003-2342-8512Kamel ShakerChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalied University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaAbdelfattah BadrBotany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-3327-8151Journal Article20170101THIS INVESTIGATION deals with assessment of the diversity of 14 populations representing eleven species of Solanum from southwest Saudi Arabia based on differences in the secondary metabolites by using GC-MS analysis. The analysis was carried out using ethanol extract of the examined Solanum species/populations and 87 different phyto-constituents were detected at six different retention times. The highest M.wt. for the identified compounds was 641 and was recorded in S. villosum at a retention time of 15 min; its formula is C38H35N5O5 and its decided name is N-benzoyl-9-(2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl pentofuranosyl)-9H-purin-6-amine. On the other hand, the lowest M.wt. for the identified compounds was 84; its formula is C6H12 and its decided name is 1Hexane and it was recorded in all Solanum species/populations except the two populations of S. incanum, S. coagulans and S. schimperianum at the retention time of 5 min. Based on differences in the phyto-constituents, genetic similarity coefficients were calculated and two distance trees were constructed to illustrate the relatedness of the examined species. The results support a hypothesis that S. villosum and S. nigrum can be regarded as one complex species. The results also revealed that S. coagulans is related to S. macracanthum and S. glabratum and also S. schimperianum is related to S. incanum. The results also revealed that S. torvum, S. sisymbriifolium and S. dulcamara are closely related species. This is generally congruent with the relatedness of the examined specie based on morphological variation and to some extend agree with their systematic treatments.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_3247_c3d35f8d0478e16845f55adde075fa54.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Effect of Copper and Lead on Growth and Some Metabolic Activities of Cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis (Nordstedt)445456402910.21608/ejbo.2017.822.1055ENSoad Mohy El.DinDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptJournal Article20170328TODAY the heavy metal pollution is one of the most important environmental problem, which causes in soil and aquatic environment. Biosorption is an innovative technology that employs biological materials to accumulate heavy metals from waste water through metabolic process or physicochemical pathways of uptake. We studied the metabolic responses of Spirulina platensis to the toxicity of two heavy metals,Cu2+ and Pb2+. The data show that the lower doses of metals had stimulatory effect on biomass of Spirulina platensis, whereas the higher doses were found to be inhibitory depending on the type of the metal. The inhibitory effect of copper upon growth parameters of Spirulina platensis was more pronounced than lead. The total protein content, chlorophyll content, total carbohydrate and the total free amino acids of the tested alga gradually decreased in a manner dependent on the metal concentration in the medium. Biosorption of algal biomass was found to be heavy metal concentrations and pH dependent, where Spirulina platensis accumulated the amount of Pb2+ more than Cu2+. Concerning the effect of different concentrations of Cu2+ and Pb2+ on photosynthetic O2 evolution, the results showed reduction in the amount of O<sub>2</sub> evolved in response to increasing metals concentrations. On the other hand, the effect of the heavy metals on respiration showed that higher metals concentrations were inhibitory to O2 uptake by Spirulina platensis.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4029_de3173c80a1475b145d009e4ade794f1.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Efficiency of Egyptian Plant Extracts on the Antibiotic Susceptible and Resistant Pathogenic bacterial Isolates457467403010.21608/ejbo.2017.1141.1105ENN. AtefBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, EgyptH. BadrBacteriology Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Cairo, EgyptWafaa AmerBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypthttps://orcid.org/00L. F.Abd EL-RaheemMedical Lab., Private Sector. Cairo, Egypt.Journal Article20170522S UCCESSIVE leaf extracts of three Egyptian plant species: Datura stramonium L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dun. in DC. and Ziziphus spina-christi (L.)Willd were studied for their antimicrobial activity against susceptible and Multi-Drug Resistant (MDR) bacteria isolated from chickens. Four bacterial spp. namely: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella sp. were isolated from 463 different chicken samples. The sensitivity of these bacterial isolates was tested against 11 types of antibiotics: Ampicillin, Amoxicillin, Cefaclor, Gentamicin, Amikacin, Tobramycin, Ciprofloxacin, Nalidixic acid, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Vancomycin. The isolates of E. coli, S. aureus, P.aureugenosa and Salmonella sp. showed notable bacterial resistance against the used antibiotics with percentages: (68.18%), (59.09%), (54.54%) and (54.54%); respectively. Chloroform extract of Datura stramonium showed the highest antibacterial activity against all the studied bacterial isolates with MICs values varying from 75.0 to 0.037 mg/ml. In conclusion, the present work indicated the potentiality of Datura stramonium chloroform extract as a promising national source for drug industry to produce antibiotics to be used against pathogenic multidrug resistant bacteria.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4030_cd51f8e241c16e15b18dbf2d42837865.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Controlling of Microbial Growth by Using Cystoseira barbata Extract469477405010.21608/ejbo.2017.911.1071ENNeveen Abdel-RaoufBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Hanaa MohamedGenetic & Cell Biology Division ,Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Samah MostafaBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Ibraheem IbraheemBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Journal Article20170413MARINE algae contain a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites and several compounds have been derived from them for prospective development of novel drugs by the pharmaceutical industries. In this laboratory experiment Cystoseira barbata was isolated from Red Sea coastal water (Safaga, Egypt). It was evaluated due to its bioactivities potential. Where the algal extract proved a potent activity against bacterial and fungal strains ranged between medium and high suppression action. It showed that Gram positive bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus were more sensitive than Gram negative bacteria where Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa and fungus Candida albicans. Phyto-chemical analyses showed that C. barbata recorded the highest percentages of the flavonoids, phenols and saccharides compounds. Among the bioflavonoids determined Acacetin, Kaemp.3-(2-p-comaroyl) glucose, Rosmarinic and phenols were E-Vanillic, Benzoic and Ferulic were present in high percentages in the alga analyzed. The results indicated scope for utilizing this alga as a source of antibacterial and antifungal substances.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4050_8dbfb7b215a95c9045c2fb5cb4d0e831.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Potentiality of Silver Nanoparticles Prepared by Ulva fasciata as Anti-nephrotoxicity in Albino-Rats479494406310.21608/ejbo.2017.913.1070ENNeveen Abd El RaoufBotany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Walaa HozyenChemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Marwa Abd El NeemBotany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Ibraheem IbraheemBotany & Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.Journal Article20170413THE PRESENT study focused on the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the ethanolic extract of the green alga Ulva fasciata (green algae). The synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectra, TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) and FT-IR analysis. The absorption spectra of the formed AgNPs was observed at 350 nm, while the FT-IR spectrum revealed a presence of bands at about 2076.96 and 1840.72 cm-1. On the other hand, TEM analysis , exhibited spherical and rod shaped AgNPs with size range of 2 to 200 nm. The chemical constituents, fatty acids, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenoids, aromatic compounds of studied algal extracts were identified by GC-MS. The Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of the green alga Ulva fasciata ethanolic extract showed a presence of fatty acids, alkaloids, phenolic, terpenoid and aromatic compounds. Potential activity test of the AgNPs formed by Ulva fasciata ethanolic extract against the nephrotoxicity on albino rats revealed good positive results indicated the preventive effects of the disease by using of Ulva fasciata AgNPs.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4063_72185ea42caf7d455d536641693785e0.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Physical-chemical and Bacteriological Evaluation of River Nile Water and Drinking Water in Benha City, Egypt495506406410.21608/ejbo.2017.974.1083ENSoheir Abd El-SalamBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, EgyptMahmoud AmerBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, EgyptMohammed Nasr El-dinBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, EgyptAli RadwanHead Sector of Laboratory Quality, Drinking and Waste Water Company, Qalubeia, EgyptSarah Abo TalebBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, EgyptJournal Article20170419WATER quality assessment of drinking water has been studied in Benha city, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt between April 2015 to March 2016 to evaluate the quality of different types of water according to physicochemical, chemical and bacteriological aspects. Twenty four samples were collected during the four seasons from different places in Benha City. Two kinds were analyzed; Benha filtered water and raw water of River Nile. The results indicated that the average values of physicochemical, heavy metals, trihalomethanes and bacteriological parameters in Benha filtered water treatment were within Egyptian standard (2007) and the World Health Organization (WHO) of water quality with comparison to raw water. The dominant bacterial isolates in the raw water samples were Escherichia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes; while the filtered water samples were 100% free from pathogenic bacteria and coliforms.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4064_3ef206fafb0e4cfc1f31cd223eb3bff3.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Effect of Different Anabaena variabilis (Kütz) Treatments on Some Growth Parameters and Physiological Aspects of Hordeum vulgare L. and Trigonella foenum-graecum L.507516404610.21608/ejbo.2017.774.1046ENGehan IsmailBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptShaimaa Abo-HamadBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptJournal Article20170318CYANOBACTERIA are a diverse group of prokaryotes which occupies many environments. In terrestrial habitats, they were famed to benefit both soil and plants through releasing bioactive substances of various biological functions. In the present study four treatments of Anabaena variabilis (seeds primed in 1% fresh cyanobacterial extract, seeds sown in soils inoculated with 3g fresh or dry cyanobacterial cells per 1 kg soil and wet seeds primed with 3g dry cyanobacterial powder per 1 kg seeds) were examined for their effect on Hordeum vulgare and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants. All treatments increased the germination percentage, shoot length, fresh and dry weights. The photosynthetic pigments, proteins, glutamic-oxaloacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminases (GOT and GPT) activities were also markedly increased specially in seeds primed with cyanobacterium dried cells. The protein profile of Hordeum vulgare seedlings revealed the appearance of newly formed protein band with molecular weight of 220 KDa in response to soaking the seeds in fresh cells extract. On the other hand, the protein profile of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. shows the induction of low molecular weight protein bands 10-14 KDa with all treatments. The plant growth promotive effect was attributed to the bioactive materials like phytohormones, exopolysaccharides, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium estimated in the cyanobacterial biomass. The results recommended bio-priming the seeds of the two examined plants in dried cyanobacterial biomass as an economical and safe route fertilizer.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4046_1491cca1713f1f38d27a109c21ab1953.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Soil Algae of El-Farafra Oasis (The Western Desert, Egypt) and N2-fixation Efficiency of Five Heterocytous Cyanophytes517524406610.21608/ejbo.2017.858.1063ENAbd El-Salam M.ShaabanBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.Hoda MansourBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.Abdullah A.SaberBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.0000-0002-4676-6998Journal Article20170405IN TOTAL 47 soil algal morphospecies were cultured and identified from the desert soils of El-Farafra Oasis, The Western Desert (Egypt). The most of them were related to Cyanophyta (34 algal taxa), followed by Chlorophyta and Xanthophyta (5 algal taxa belonging to each). Bacillariophyta represented only by 3 species. Moreover, this work enriched the Egyptian soil algal flora with 5 different algal taxa: Westiellopsis prolifica Janet, Cylindrospermum gregarium (Zakrz.), Cylindrospermum. licheniforme (Bory) Kütz., Chlorocloster caudatus Pasch. and Tetraktis aktinastroides Pasch. Furthermore, the potentialities of atmospheric N2-fixation efficiency of Calothrix elenkinii Kossinsk., Nodularia harveyana f. sphaerocarpa (Born. et Flah.) Elenk., Scytonema ocellatum Lyngb., Stratonostoc linckia (Roth) Elenk. and Westiellopsis prolifica Janet were investigated. However, C. elenkinii, W. prolifica and S. ocellatum exhibited to a large extent the highest fixation rates with mean values of 18.89, 30.52 and 33.01 μmole ml-1 h-1, respectively, followed by S. linckia (16.71 μmole ml-1 h-1) and Nodularia harveyana f. sphaerocarpa (12.01 μmole ml-1 h-1). In conclusion, Scytonema ocellatum and Westiellopsis prolifica can used as promising eco-friendly natural bio-fertilizers for the sustainable development in the desert habitats.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4066_edda833bf2a9ae542724dae8f9e35bc5.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Differential ُExpression of RuBisCO large Subunit and its Assembly in Intact Chloroplasts of Pisum sativum L. Treated with NaCl and Jasmonic Acid525537410710.21608/ejbo.2017.1050.1092ENNoha KhalifaBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt0000-0002-0081-4229Mohamed ShehataBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptAyat SakranBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMaher ShehataBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptMohamed AbdelsattarPlant Molecular Biology Department, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170506THIS STUDY aimed to detect the effect of stress conditions imposed by different treatments of NaCl and jasmonic acid (JA) on the expression pattern and assembly of RuBisCO large subunit (RbcL) and RuBisCO enzyme complex using SDS-PAGE and HDN-PAGE techniques, respectively. Both Total Soluble Proteins (TSPs) and Chloroplast Proteins (ChPs) were variably affected by each treatment. Notably, a unique protein band was detected in the seedlings treated with 150 mM NaCl for 5 days. Surprisingly, this band was not detected under any other salt treatment. Using nano HPLC-ESI-MS/MS MALDI-TOF protein sequencing, this band was identified as downshifted RbcL at approximately 50 kDa in addition to the original one was separated at approximately 55 kDa on SDS-PAGE. The expression of RbcL protein decreased in a dose dependent manner in the plants treated with JA for one and five days. All treatments did not affect the RuBisCO complex assembly at approximately 660 kDa, but triggered stress-induced ChPs at approximately 440 kDa and 1 MDa concomitant with NaCl treatments. RbcL band isolated from intact chloroplast was associated with Coupling Factor (CF1) beta subunit of ATP synthase as revealed by MALDI-TOF protein sequencing analysis. Possible interpretations of these findings have been further discussed in this study.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4107_bd6e7cdc45dbed3b720b325e3751148f.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Changes of Enzymatic Antioxidants and Minerals Content of Broad Bean ( Vicia faba L.) Plants in Response to Chilling Stress and Reacclimation539553438210.21608/ejbo.2017.489.1018ENAtiat HassanFaculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptNabil SaberFaculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptHanan MohamedAbdulazizFaculty of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University
of Omar El-Mokhtar, LybiaJournal Article20161229CHILLING stress induced a significant increase of electrolyte leakage (E.L.%) of broad bean leaves (Vicia faba cv. Nobaria, 1) and that was associated with a significant decrease of normalized concentrations of K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe ions and N (as NO-3) and increase of Cu and Zn in leaves and roots. There was a significant accumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents accompanied with a significant increase of enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, CAT, APx, GR and PPO) activities. During the 6 h reacclimation period, the CAT, APx, GR and PPO activities were significantly increased compared to those of chill-stressed plants, whereas SOD significantly decreased. There are several polypeptides bands were markedly appeared in leaves and roots during the exposure to low temperature and 6 h reacclimation period. The results revealed that chilling temperature had an inhibitory effect on the plasma membrane integrity due to enhancement of ROS generation and that might associate with an increase of enzymatic antioxidants activities and appearance of several stress proteins during chilling and reacclimation periods.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4382_8871497411d01fb45fdc9d99323f20eb.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Bioremediation Efficiency of Heavy Metals and Azo Dyes by Individual or Consortium Bacterial Species Either as Free orImmobilized Cells: A Comparative Study555564438310.21608/ejbo.2017.689.1040ENNanis AllamBotany Department, Microbiology Section, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptJournal Article20170226THE OBJECTIVE of the present study was to compare between free and immbolized bacterial cultuer/s in bioremediation of heavy metals and dyes to reduce environmental pollutants with the help of biological entities. The bacterial consortium consisting of Sphingomonas paucimobilis, Rhizobium radiobacter, and Bacillus subtilis was developed due to capabilities of the three bacterial species to remove heavy metals from industrial waste water and decolorize methyl orange and Congo red textile azo dyes than their corresponding single cultures. The immobilization of bacterial consortium on Ca-alginate increased its heavy metals removal efficiency more than 10% compared to consortium of free cells after 4 days. Also, decolorization ability of immobilized consortium was conducted for shorter time and higher concentrations of dyes than that of free one. The greater efficiency of immobilized consortium than free single culture may be correlated to synergistic activity of different metabolites of bacterial cultures and protection of cells from toxic pollutants that provided by Ca-alginate matrices which promoting an efficient bio-treatment of industrial effluents containing dyes and heavy metals.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4383_08baee6024608cca1f60c35a7d78d083.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Biological Activities of the Alkaloid Quinazoline Extracted from Aspergillus nomius 565582442610.21608/ejbo.2017.1079.1096ENMohamed AliDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptAhmed AbdElfattahDepartment of Natural Products, National Research Center, Giza, EgyptNeveen KhalilDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt0000-0002-1875-894XMohamed SayedDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20170511TWENTY FIVE Aspergillus isolates were screened from Giza Governorate and Saint Catherine Protectorate soils in Egypt. The antimicrobial activity of the crude extracts was tested against two Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis NRRL-B-4219, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213), four Gram negative bacteria (Alcaligenes faecalis B-170, Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC10131, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27953), and one yeast (Candida albicans ATCC10231). The antioxidant activity using free radical scavenging model was assayed for the crude extracts. The antitumor activity for all of crude extracts was determined against HCT116 (Colon carcinoma cell line), HEPG2 (Liver carcinoma cell line), and MCF-7 (Breast carcinoma cell line). Aspergillus nomius was the most potent fungal species accordingly, it was chosen for bioactivity assay. Identification of this species was further confirmed at the molecular level based on nuclear ribosomal DNA 18s identities. An accession number, LC199488, was given at the DDBJ GenBank. The column chromatography of its crude extract yielded five distinguished fractions. The biological (antimicrobial, antioxidant and antitumor) activities of these fractions were assayed. Fraction B proved to be of most potential. HPLC analysis of this fraction showed that there was a sharp and clear peak at about 18.1 min. This denoted the presence of an active compound. The compound at this peak was purified and its structure was elucidated via 1HNMR and 13CNMR spectroscopy. It was concluded that it would be 1,2,3,9 tetrahydropyrrolo [2,1-b] quinazolin-3-ol.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4426_15841dc03f45f8491a4ea44df6abe7a2.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Effects of Industrial Effluents Polluting the Ismailia Water Canal on Growth and Metabolic Responses of Pisum sativum Seedlings583594449310.21608/ejbo.2017.1185.1106ENAbdel Haleem AhmedBiological and Geological Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams Universiry, Cairo, EgyptRania HanafyBiological and Geological Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams Universiry, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170531THE AIM of this work was to evaluate the impact of sources of waste water pollution on Ismailia canal and irrigated plants. The industrial sources along Ismailia canal produce large wastes that disturb the environmental balance. This study was based on investigating the growth and biochemical characteristics of Pisum sativum seedlings irrigated with industrial waste water collected from three selected stations of Ismailia canal. Results revealed an enrichment of organic matter and heavy metals in polluted water. Irrigation of plants using waste water affected germination, physiological, biochemical and growth characteristics of Pisum sativum. Irrigation with polluted water reduced photosynthetic pigments, total nitrogen and proteins in plant. Uptake and translocation of heavy metals and metal ions were higher in the polluted Pisum sativum which produced more metabolites to combat metal toxicity. High activity of antioxidant enzymes (Catalase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase), the contents of soluble sugars, anthocyanine, proline and new protein bands were induced.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4493_70af1dc53c54d71712253d3e5c49b678.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Antibacterial Effect of Phytochemial Extracts from Ziziphus-spina christi against Some Pathogenic Bacteria595604449410.21608/ejbo.2017.665.1035ENHanan TemerkDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptW. SalemDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptW. SayedDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, EgyptF. S.HassanDepartment of Medical Analysis, El- Wafaa Clinic, General Authority for Health Insurance, Qena, EgyptJournal Article20170214THE ANTIBACTERIAL potential of Ziziphus- spina christi as methanol and ethanol extracts, of bark, fruit, roots, seeds and leaves, were evaluated against seven pathogenic bacterial strains using agar well diffusion technique: The used strains were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 278223), Enterobacter cloacae (ATCC 13047), Enterobacter aerogenes (ATCC 13084), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Klebsiella pneumoniae (ATCC 13888), Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA, ATCC 43300). The antibiotic erythromycin was used as positive control. The presence of phytochemical compounds in the extracts was determined qualitatively, the functional bioactive groups were characterized by FTIR and the presence of bioactive elements was characterized by XRF. Antibacterial activity against the used bacterial strains was assessed by determining the minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) assays. All the used Gram negative and positive bacteria were sensitive to various plant extracts. Bark extract was the most active against all strains except for Enterobacter aerogenes. Ethanol bark extract showed great activity against Enterococcus faecalis with 16.2 mm clearing zone and MIC, MBC of 15 and 20 mg ml-1, respectively. Methanol bark extract was also effective against Klebsiella pneumoniae with a clearing zone of 16.2 mm and 20 mg ml-1 for both MIC, MBC. Leaves extracts showed high antibacterial activity against all strains except Escherichia coli. Ethanol fruit extract also exhibited high activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with 20 mm clearing zone and 2.5, 10 mg ml-1 for both MIC and MBC. Finally, ethanol roots showed the largest clearing zone against Enterococcus faecalis (21mm) with 10 and 15 mg ml-1 for MIC and MBC, respectively.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4494_7644ce9b6b342c4628436a1e6b351ecc.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Seven Brachytheciaceae (Musci) Species New to Libya605619469010.21608/ejbo.2017.1499.1117ENSaid YoussefBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, EgyptManal IbrahimKhalilBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptHanaa ShabbaraBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptWagieh El-SayedEl-SaadawiBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, EgyptJournal Article20170815BRACHYTHECIACEAE Schimp.includes up to 1117 species worldwide. Eleven of its species were reported from Libya between the years 1914-1931. In the present work, 10 species are recorded, seven of them, namely: Brachythecium rutabulum (Hedw.) Schimp., Eurhynchiastrum pulchellum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen, Pseudoscleropodium purum (Hedw.) M. Fleisch., Rhynchostegium megapolitanum (Blandow ex F. Weber & D. Mohr) Schimp., Sciuro-hypnum plumosum (Hedw.) Ignatov & Huttunen, Scleropodium touretii (Brid.) L.F. Koch and Scorpiurium deflexifolium (Solms) M. Fleisch. & Loeske. are new records bringing the number of Brachytheciaceae species known from Libya to eighteen. Key and distribution of the 18 species in the Mediterranean countries and in the world are given. Descriptions and illustrations of the seven new records are also provided.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4690_82822de2d14092ad25335296fd7ffebb.pdfNational Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)Egyptian Journal of Botany0375-923757320171201Occurrence of Fungi in Drinking Water Sources and Their Treatment by Chlorination and UV-Irradiation621632474110.21608/ejbo.2017.1102.1101ENEman AliDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt0000-0001-9595-8323Tahany AbdelrahmanDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptMohsen SayedDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt0000-0002-2305-9043Samar Abd Al KhalekDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptJournal Article20170515A TOTAL of 54 cfu/ml fungal species were isolated from 9 water samples collected from Nile water, Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and tap water in many governorates in Egypt. The fungal species Aspergillus alutaceus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, A. sulfurous, A. terreus, Penicillium chrysogenum, P. globrum and Trichoderma viride were isolated from water samples. Nile water (S1) was polluted with the highest fungal count and diversity followed by treated tap water in Al Sharqia (S5) Governorate. The physicochemical analysis revealed higher COD and conductivity in Al Sharqia tap water sample than that in untreated Nile water sample which may be due to the old rusted distribution systems or heavy metals contamination. Laboratory scale treatment of tap water in Al Sharqia sample (S5) indicated that single treatment with chlorination was not efficient to eliminate fungal contamination except by using high chlorine concentration with long exposure time. Similarly single UV treatment to drinking water was not effective enough. Combination between UV irradiation followed by chlorination exerted synergistic effect and disinfected water from fungal contamination in very short exposure time and very low chlorine concentration.https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_4741_ba6c8f44afc825a78b3270b42c03cb10.pdf