Effect of Novel Branching Regulators on Micropropagation of Zantedeschia sprengeri (Paco)
Heba
Shahin
Plant Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), Menoufiya University, Sadat City, Egypt
author
Geert-Jan
De Klerk
Department of Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research (WUR), Wageningen, Netherlands
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE NOVEL branching regulators fluridone and imazalil (IMA) were examined for micropropagation of Paco (Zantedeschia sprengeri). IMA concentrations were 0, 4.5, 13.5 and 45μM in combination with 5μM benzylaminopurine (BAP). The shoots were transferred after 8 weeks to standard MS medium without IMA but with 5μM BAP. IMA resulted in a strong increase of new shoots from which the outgrowth was inhibited when IMA was present but that did grow out when IMA had been removed. Fluridone inhibits the biosynthesis of the endogenous regulator strigolactone. Increasing concentrations of fluridone were applied in combination with 13.5μM IMA for 8 weeks. Then the shoots were subcultured on standard medium without IMA and fluridone but with 5μM BAP for 8 weeks. Again a strong increase of new shoots occurred from which outgrowth was inhibited when IMA and fluridone were present but that did grow out when these regulators had been removed.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
1
7
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_28150_ddee676fda19d87a4d0963ab9f43b48a.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6831.1273
Antibacterial Potential of some Seaweeds Species to Combat Biofilm-producing Multi-drug Resistant Staphylococcus aureus of Nile Tilapia
Metwally
Metwally
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
author
Sameh
Ali
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
author
Ismail
Khatab
Genetic Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Kafr El-Sheik, Egypt
author
Mohamed
El-Sayed
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THERE is an increasing worldwide demand for seafood due to the awareness of fish as an important protein source for a growing population. However, the diseases caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial infections and the low survival rate of the fish represent significant challenges to fish farmers. The virulence and pathogenicity of bacteria are often enhanced when growing as a biofilm. Therefore, a variety of new antimicrobial drugs has attracted wide attention in treating fish pathogen bacteria. Herein, the efficiency of macroalgal extracts as an antibacterial agent against MDR Staphylococcus aureus bacteria isolated from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was studied. Out of 200 bacterial isolates, 50 strains were identified as S. aureus. Of these strains, 37 were MDR and showed a potential role in the production of virulence factors, including staphylokinase (70.2%), lecithinase (81%), protease (56.7%) and lipase (59.4%). Significant production of biofilm virulence factor by MDR S. aureus strains was also observed from the quantitative and qualitative analysis. Four algal species namely Jania rubens, Ulva lactuca, Sargassum vulgare, and Sargassum fusiforme were tested for their antibacterial activity against MDR S. aureus strains. Of those, S. vulgare diethyl ether extract showed the highest antibacterial. In addition, GC-MS analysis revealed 20 identified components in S. vulgare diethyl ether extract, in which Longifolene was dominant (16.5%). This study thus established the possibility of developing an antibacterial agent to combat developing MDR S. aureus and biofilm-related infections in Nile tilapia.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
9
24
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_36816_37f984db5206d6090dd1a01f32f32004.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6829.1275
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles via Haplophyllum tuberculatum (Forssk.) A. Juss. (Rutaceae) and its Use as Bioherbicide
Salama
Eldarier
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Hanan
Abou-Zeid
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University,
Alexandria, Egypt
author
Ream
Marzouk
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Asmaa
Abo Hatab
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE PRESENT study was concerned with the synthesis of AgNPs via application of Haplophyllum tuberculatum crude aqueous extract (HTCAE) as a reducing agent. The resultant extract (HTAgAE) together with the crude one was compared in testing growth and some physiological and molecular parameters of the two recipient species; Triticum aestivum L. as a crop species and Phalaris minor Retz. as weed species. The effect of HTCAE on P. minor revealed significant reduction in growth germination percentage and both radicle and plumule lengths, nevertheless HTAgAE completely inhibited its germination. The HTAgAE at 5% and 10% stimulated the photosynthetic pigments in T. aestivum and reduced them in P. minor at 20% of HTCAE and HTAgAE. The total number of bands, polymorphism percentage and genomic template stability (GTS) % were generally arranged in a descending order by using HTCAE and HTAgAE. This order was reversed with HTAgAE in P. minor at 5% and in T. aestivum at 5% and 20% that reflected antagonistic effect of the nanosilver extract. At 5% HTCAE and 20% HTAgAE, T. aestivum accomplished more genetic stability than P. minor which may support their use as safe bioherbicide.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
25
40
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_36810_343db762575a0be4c6c44e4b075c8be7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6827.1272
Ornithine Induced the Hyoscyamine Production more than Arginine Precursor in Hyoscyamus muticus L. In vitro
Eman
Abdelrazik
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
author
Mohamed
El-hamahmy
Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
author
Islam
Abo-Elsoud
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
author
Elham
Ali
Department of Environmental Sciences, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
author
Akram
Aboseidah
1Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
IMPACT of different concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1mmol) of both alkaloids precursors,arginine (Arg) and ornithine (Orn) on production of hyoscyamine and its physiological attributes in 30 days old-callus of Egyptian henbane (Hyoscyamus muticus L.) was studied. Data of HPTLC revealed that in vivo wild leaves had high concentration of hyoscyamine but callus treated with 0.25mmol of Orn had more 3.2 and 1.4 time of total alkaloids and hyoscyamine than control, respectively. The same level of Orn induced the highest concentration of glutathione and reduced the H2O2 to the lowest rate. Although callus treated with 0.25mmol of Orn had only 6 visualized protein bands separated with SDS-PAGE, protein bands with low molecular weight 38, 33, 21, 15 and 9kDa were highly expressed. Callus cells exposed to low level of Orn had irregular amoeboid shape and lysiogenous intercellular spaces compared to regular ovate and schizogenous intercellular spaces in control. However, fresh and dry weight were increased under all levels of both precursors compared to control but water content % was maintained. Photosynthetic pigments and total carbohydrates were increased with increment of both Orn or Arg levels then decreased under high levels of each. Application of Orn at any levels decreased the content of free amino acids in contrary to Arg. Arg with high level induced the highest concentration of free phenolics and the activity of peroxidase. It was concluded that, addition of Orn with low concentration (0.25mmol) was efficient for hyoscyamine enhancement from Egyptian henbane callus than Arg.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
41
54
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_36824_d28c207873a4c850410f4e31f535df56.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.9691.1293
Antifungal Potentiality and Physiological Characterization of Trichoderma Isolates from Port Said Governorate
Gehad
Elnhas
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
author
Metwally
Kottb
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
author
Zakaria
Baka
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt
author
Ali
Ibrahim
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
A TOTAL of twenty Trichoderma isolates belonging to seven species were isolated from several locations at Port Said Governorate. Physiological characteristics of these isolates and their antagonistic effect against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, the causative agent of white mold of Phaseolus vulgaris were evaluated. Trichoderma polysporum 2 showed the highest activity of total cellulase reached up to 2.95 filter paper unit ml-1. T. harzianum 2 had the highest endoglucanase activity (5.47 IU ml-1), whereas T. polysporum 1 had the highest chitinase activity (1.01 IU ml-1). Siderophores production was assayed using FeCl3, tetrazolium, Arnow’s and spectrophotometric tests. Most of the isolates were able to produce hydroxamate and carboxylate types of siderophores. The ability of Trichoderma to produce indole acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) were also investigated. Trichoderma harzianum 2 showed the highest concentration of IAA in broth medium reached up to 13.19μg/ml, whereas T. polysporum 1 showed the highest concentration of GA3 by 586.51μg/ml. The antagonistic potentialities of Trichoderma isolates against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were tested in vitro by using dual culture, base to base assay and the crude liquid extract effect of the isolates. Percentages of inhibition of radial growth of the pathogen by T. polysporum 1 in dual culture and crude extract methods were 45.97% and 87.78%, respectively. Also, the volatiles of T. piluliferum 2 showed a reduction of the radial growth by 66.85%. So, some Trichoderma isolates collected from Port Said soil showed high biocontrol activity against S. sclerotiorum.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
55
69
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_40312_02be2f3671e7004ea98ac04704a8f4cb.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6708.1266
Elicitors Enhancing Phenolics Content and Related Gene Expression Variation in Petal - Derived Calli of Rosa damascena Mill.
Hadeer
Darwish
Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Horticulture Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
author
Shawkat
Ahmed
Biology Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
DUE to increasing importance of roses in producing secondary products including essential oils and pharmaceutical compounds as phenolics, several protocols were developed from different explants of roses. For that purpose, an efficient callus initiation procedure for Rosa damascena Mill. cultivated in Taif, KSA was developed by using petal explant cultures supplemented with nine elicitors for improving phenolics content. As well, related genetic expression variation of the elicited calli was studied by biochemical (protein and isozyme) analyses. Except for rose and geranium oils, seven elicitors increased the phenolics content in R. damascena calli compared with the control. High qualitative differences were observed in their banding patterns reflecting biochemical aberrations in treated calli. A dendrogram, based on UPGMA method of cluster analysis, upheld the notable fluctuations in phenolics content and gene expression occurred by different elicitors.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
71
79
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_42088_34111ac1e81726652c599ee59afaf947.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6799.1271
In vitro Assessment of Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of some Marine Macroalgae
Ali
Saeed
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
author
Sohaila
Abotaleb
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
author
Nanis
Alam
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
author
Adel
ELMehalawy
Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
author
Saly
Gheda
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE PRESENT study evaluated ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate, hexane, chloroform and acetone extracts of five green and red seaweed species from Abu-Qir bay, Alexandria, Egypt for their antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity against four cell lines. Chloroform extracts of Ulva lactuca and Ulva fasciata exhibited the highest inhibition zones against the tested pathogenic bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis) and fungi (Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumingatus and Aspergillus niger) as measured by disc diffusion method. The extracts of U. lactuca and U. fasciata showed the highest antioxidant activity (IC50 6.32±0.29mg/ml and 6.61±0.27mg/ml, respectively), using DPPH (2, 2- diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) scavenging method and total antioxidant capacity assay (2.13 and 1.51mg ascorbic acid equivalent/ gram dry weight, respectively). Cytotoxicity test using MTT assay showed that U. lactuca extract had strong activity against MCF-7 and Hela cell lines (IC50 10.83±1.0, 12.43±1.3μg/ml, respectively), while U. fasciata had strong activity against PC3 and HePG2 cell lines (IC50 12.99±1.2, 16.75±1.5μg/ml, respectively). As analyzed by Ultraviolet spectra, Fourier Transform Infrared spectra and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy after purification by column chromatography, the most active antimicrobial fractions in U. lactuca and U. fasciata extracts include an aromatic compound that have different active group (-C=O, phenyl ring and –OH); its molecular weight of Di-isooctyl Phthalate equals 390.56g/mol and Butylated Hydroxytoluene equals 220.356g/mol, respectively. The studied seaweeds have distinct active metabolites being a promising source of antimicrobial and antiproliferative compounds that can be used effectively in pharmaceutical drug industry.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
81
96
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_45759_01940f9f8611d6442c9238cf0187eda2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.11363.1303
Computer-generated Keys to the Flora of Egypt. 10. The Spineless Taxa of Asteraceae
Adel
Elgazzar
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, El-Arish University, N. Sinai, Egypt
author
Nahed
El -Husseini
2The Herbarium, Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
Azza
Khafagi
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
author
Nashwa
Mostafa
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, El-Arish University, N. Sinai, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
FRESH and herbarium specimens of 158 species and infra-specific taxa belonging to 77 genera, including the newly recorded Helenium amarum (Raf.) H. Rock var. amarum, Pulicaria dysenterica (L.) Gaertn. and Orbivestus cinerascens (Sch. Bip) H.Rob., were assembled to represent the spineless members of the Asteraceae in the flora of Egypt. Morphological variations in the stems, leaves, capitula, phyllaries and achenes of every taxon were recorded comparatively as 83 characters with 195 character-states in a data matrix and subjected to analysis under the key-generating suit of computer programs DELTA. Of the 83 characters, 56 are binary, while the rest are ordered multi-states; measureable characters were categorized into the latter type to allow for possible variation in the value of the same character in different specimens of the same taxon. A conventional key to all taxa was obtained together with detailed and item descriptions. The detailed descriptions are too voluminous and only the key and item descriptions are provided. The item descriptions, in conjunction with the list of characters, can be used to re-synthesize the detailed descriptions and to reconstruct the original data matrix which can be manipulated to accommodate additional characters and/or taxa. The key and descriptions have a number of advantages over all of their predecessors.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
97
131
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_45764_d714a7c4d4c7c69ae271198145227515.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.13915.1327
Mitigation of Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of Silver Nanoparticles on Onion Root Tips using some Antioxidant Scavengers
Rehab
Hafez
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Fouad
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE TARGET of this study is to use Allium cepa roots as model to evaluate the potential use of three antioxidants scavengers [vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)], either singly or in combination, in mitigation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The results indicated that AgNPs manifested mitodepressive and genotoxic symptoms, represented as decrease in mitotic index (MI), elevated total chromosome aberrations (TCA) and tail DNA (tDNA) associated with oxidative stress markers represented by increase in malonaldehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. Each of VC, VE and 1:1:1 mix of VC, VE and BHT ameliorated the harmful effects of AgNPs with best performance recorded for VE. Though, BHT decreased AgNPs-generated MDA and H2O2; it enforced the mitodepressive and genotoxic properties associated with application of nanoparticles. The results also reflected superiority of pretreatment over co-treatment with antioxidants in mitigation of the AgNPs-associated hazards.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
133
145
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_47801_2a314dae5e09a4001884b3637f4530c3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.13390.1321
Characterization of the Wild Trees and Shrubs in the Egyptian Flora
Heba
Bedair
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
author
Kamal
Shaltout
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
author
Dalia
Ahmed
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
author
Ahmed
Sharaf El-Din
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
author
Ragab
El-Fahhar
Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527, Tanta, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE present study aims to study the floristic characteristics of the native trees and shrubs (with height ≥50cm) in the Egyptian flora. The floristic characteristics include taxonomic diversity, life and sex forms, flowering activity, dispersal types, economic potential, threats and national and global floristic distributions. Nine field visits were conducted to many locations all over Egypt for collecting trees and shrubs. From each location, plant and seed specimens were collected from different habitats. In present study 228 taxa belonged to 126 genera and 45 families were recorded, including 2 endemics (Rosa arabica and Origanum syriacum subsp. sinaicum) and 5 near-endemics. They inhabit 14 habitats (8 natural and 6 anthropogenic). Phanerophytes (120 plants) are the most represented life form, followed by chamaephytes (100 plants). Bisexuals are the most represented. Sarcochores (74 taxa) are the most represented dispersal type, followed by ballochores (40 taxa). April (151 taxa) and March (149 taxa) have the maximum flowering plants. Small geographic range - narrow habitat - non abundant plants are the most represented rarity form (180 plants). Deserts are the most rich regions with trees and shrubs (127 taxa), while Sudano-Zambezian (107 taxa) and Saharo-Arabian (98 taxa) was the most. Medicinal plants (154 taxa) are the most represented good, while salinity tolerance (105 taxa) was the most represented service and over-collecting and over-cutting was the most represented threat. Plants with spiny organs such as spiny stipules, leaves, branches, inflorescences and fruits or woody branches with spine-like terminates are the most represented (64 taxa).
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
147
168
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_47797_878ed5a45839bfea7651ed0a45e42454.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6982.1276
Effect of Aqueous Extract of Trianthema portulacastrum L. on the Growth of Zea mays L. and its Associated Weeds
Dalia
Ahmed
Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
author
Dalia
Slima
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE INTERFERENCE of weeds with economic crops is a worldwide problem. The weeds suppress the growht of the crop plants and decrease their production. As the herbicides have several hazards, health and environment safe alternatives should be seeking. In this study, water extract of Trianthema portulacastrum (10g L-1) was used to control the growth of weeds associating the plantations. Nine plots (each of 25m2) were prepared in a complete randomized design for different experimental treatments. The treatments were: a) Cultivated with maize without treatment (control), b) Irrigated with the extract (2 L/m2) once a day for 5 days (BC) before cultivation with maize, and c) Treated before cultivation and then irrigated with the extract until harvesting (IC) for two cropping seasons (April 2017 and April 2018). After treatment, the density of each weed species was calculated, maize growth parameters and grain nutrient contents were determined. The results showed that the associated weeds were declined to 54.1%, 52.8% in BC and 75.7%, 83.3% in IC during the first and second growth seasons, respectively. Plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, ear weight, number and weight of grains, grain yield and harvest index, the nutritive value of the grains (carbohydrates, proteins, fats and minerals), and soil parameters (organic matter and NPK) of Maize plants were increased significantly in the treated sites during both seasons. During the second crop season the number and the type of weed individuals were more declined than the first crop season as a result of treatment with water extract of T. portulacastrum. On the other hand the growth of maize increased during the second crop season as a result of treatment with water extract of T. portulacastrum. Our study obviously showed that the water extract of T. portulacastrum can be a potential bio-fertilizer and used to control weeds.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
169
183
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_47800_b29893067735a66b571327d7283a8225.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.12525.1310
Control of Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in Water and Milk Using Phage Cocktail
Noha
El-Dougdoug
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
Mervet
Hassan
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
Eslam
Elashkar
Benha Fever Hospital, Benha, Egypt
author
A. I.
Ahmed
Benha Fever Hospital, Benha, Egypt
author
Mahmoud
Hazaa
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE RISE of clinical concern about antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is mainly attributed to the frequent contamination of food and drinking water. The aim of this study is to assess the sensitivity of S. Typhi to antibiotics as well as isolation of lytic bacteriophages specific to the bacterium and investigate their ability to enhance the safety of tap water and milk. S. Typhi clinical isolates recovered from infected blood specimens were included in this study. The bacterial isolates were identified by conventional biochemical tests; Vitek analyzer in addition to Widal test to determine the serotypes of Salmonella isolates. Four lytic bacteriophages specific to S. Typhi were isolated and characterized using TEM and designated as vb_StyM,EN-1, vb_StyM,EN-2, vb_StyS,EN-3 and vb_StyP,EN-4. The results showed resistance of S. Typhi isolates to various antibiotics. Phage cocktail was prepared and applied for controlling S. Typhi growth in milk and drinking water at 4⁰C and room temperature. After treatment, complete eradication of bacterial growth was observed in broth medium at 4°C and room temperature after 24hrs. In addition to that, phage cocktail showed complete inhibition of S. Typhi growth in treated tap water at 25°C after 24hrs and in milk at 4°C. A significant reduction; nearly five log reductions was observed in skim milk while one log reduction was obtained in full fat milk at 25°C. These results indicate that S. Typhi is resistant to some antibiotics and bacteriophages could be promising antimicrobial alternatives.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
185
197
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_47798_ea3e86975434f0298fc00da1bd67242d.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.7596.1284
Improving Wastewater Treatment Using Dried Banana Leaves and Bacteriophage Cocktail
Noha
El-Dougdoug
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Nasr-Eldin
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Azzam
Central Lab for Environmental Quality Monitoring, National Water Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
author
Aya
Mohamed
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
Mahmoud
Hazaa
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
WATER pollution is a serious problem resulting from introduction of hazardous biological waste, organic materials and heavy metals into the natural environment. This study aimed for improving the quality of wastewater as measured by the physicochemical parameters and controlling microbial pollution using dried banana leaves with phage cocktail. Different wastewater samples were collected from New Cairo, Gabal El-Asfar and Helwan, Egypt, and were used for isolation of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas. aeruginosa and Salmonella Typhi and their specific phages. Fine dried powder of banana leaves was prepared to improve the physicochemical characteristics and reduce microbial populations; the treatment of wastewater was performed using fine powder of banana leaves, phage cocktail individually and in combination. Before treatment, the physical and chemical parameters showed higher levels, dissolved oxygen was depleted and the counts of total coliforms, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci exceeded the permissible limits. However, using banana leaves, there was improvement in physicochemical parameters and slight reduction of bacterial populations. Individual application of phage cocktail resulted in a significant reduction of bacterial growth as well as adsorption of wastewater pollutants. Furthermore, using combination of phage cocktail specific to E. coli, P. aeruginosa and S. Typhi and fine powder of banana leaves, enhanced the microbial inactivation and removal of water pollutants. Thus, this study indicated the capability of using ecofriendly approach comprising of fine dried powder banana leaves and phage cocktail for wastewater treatment and pave the way for further research to enable reusing wastewater.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
199
212
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_47799_faac81bdc4364511e1feb3005c74b841.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.7597.1295
Characterization and Immobilization of a Novel Hyaluronidase Produced by Streptomyces roseofulvus
Fifi.
Reda
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science,
Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
author
Sarah
El-Shanawany
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
M AXIMUM hyaluronidase production by Streptomyces roseofulvus S10 (LC314796) was attained when it was cultured in submerged fermentation process under favorable conditions, pH 5 at 40ºC for 6 days. Hyaluronidase was purified to its homogeneity by 9.2 fold with molecular weight of 97kDa under denaturing SDS- PAGE. Mg+2 exerted highly stimulatory effect on S. roseofulvus S10 hyaluronidase activity and was significantly reduced in presence of Mn+2, Zn+2, and EDTA. Optimum reaction was attained at pH 9 and the pH stability of enzyme ranged between 9-10 at 35°C. To protect the intrinsic activity and half-time of hyaluronidase, several carriers and immobilization of hyaluronidase were investigated. The immobilized enzyme had higher thermal stability than free one with Tm values; 46.1°C and 24.7°C, respectively. Maximum affinity of free and immobilized hyaluronidase was for hyaluronic acid followed by bovine albumin. Free enzyme had a high catalytic affinity of hyaluronic acid compared with immobilized enzyme. Our results demonstrated that S. roseofulvus S10 hyaluronidase was highly stable to pH and high temperature. These properties of long-term stability facilitate its wide range of applications.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
213
224
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_53276_1b7af8f3eb03f5e24f74be64553bcda2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.6242.1248
Assessment of Fuel Properties Produced from Tamarix nilotica and Pluchea dioscoridis Plants
Abeer
Younis
Botany department, Faculty of Science,
Ain Shams University,11566 Cairo, Eygpt
author
text
article
2020
eng
NOWADAYS, there is a great demand concerning searching about renewable energy sources. Therefore, wild plants such as Tamarix nilotica and Pluchea dioscoridis could be used as fossil fuel-alternative to meet the huge increments in the energy demand. The aerial parts of T. nilotica were collected from the Cairo–Suez road, while those of P. dioscoridis were collected from Wadi Hagul, Egypt. The biofuel generating compounds including lipids, carbohydrates, cellulose, pectin and lignin were assayed. The physico-chemical properties of the produced biodiesel were calculated. The obtained results indicated that, the high cellulose content (25.02%) of T. nilotica increases its potentiality for bioethanol production. The GC-MS analysis showed that P. dioscoridis displayed the highest levels of saturated fatty acid (SFAs) and a desirable degree of unsaturation (DU). The biodiesel properties in terms of iodine value (IV), saponification number (SN), cetane number (CN), oxidative stability (OS), high heating value (HHV), kinematic viscosity (η) and density (ρ) for both species were within the recommended standards and mostly met the criteria required to be a diesel substitute compared with the international biodiesel standards. Particularly biodiesel produced from P. dioscoridis has good and suitable engine parameters (SN 196.3, IV 76.81 and CN 114.18).
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
225
237
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_53275_e916efcc796070968fae1f5a5401d605.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.15138.1340
Nutrient Starvation Enhances the Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity in Azolla caroliniana Plant
Atiat
Hassan
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Hala Ezzat
Mohamed
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Eazaz
Moustafa
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, 21511, Alexandria, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THE AIM of this study is evaluating the effects of nutrients deprivation in growth media of Azolla caroliniana plant on growth and production of various phenolic components and antioxidant activity. Nutrient-deficient cultures (0.2, 0.1, 0.05 strength Hoagland solution) of Azolla plants resulted in a significant reduction in Azolla biomass, particularly with 0.05 strength compared to those grown on nutrient-sufficient culture (control). The doubling time (DT) and relative growth rate (RGR) were significantly affected with different Hoagland strength and that was accompanied with a significant accumulation of H2O2 and MDA. Anthocyanins, total flavonoids and total phenolics were enhanced in starved-Azolla. HPLC analysis of phenolic acids revealed a significant increase in caffeic, o-coumaric and t-cinnamic acids in Azolla grown on 0.2 strength Hoagland culture, whereas coumaric acid was markedly accumulated in Azolla plants grown on 0.1 strength media. There was a significant increase in phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and antioxidant activities in starved Azolla. The results indicated that, the antioxidant activity might depend mainly on phenolic compounds
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
239
247
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_53280_96dc54aa3d211a590842d18b63a6affd.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.15970.1351
Evaluation of Different Biological Activities of Spirulina platensis Extracts
Soad
Mohy El.Din
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
SPIRULINA is aquatic and photosynthetic blue green algae and it is a good source of c-phycocyanin pigments. It is widely utilized as food supplement because it contains significant amount of proteins. This investigation is an effort to study some of medicinal applications of S. platensis such as antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial, cholesterol- reduction and anticancer. Antimicrobial activity of methanol, acetone, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of dried S. platensis was assayed against two fungi (Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger) and four bacterial species (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium). The S. platensis extracts exhibited significant activity against all tested bacteria and fungi. The highest inhibition zone (1.35 ±0.04cm) was observed in acetone extract against S. typhimurium. While, petroleum ether extract of S. platensis was recorded the minimum activities of all tested antimicrobial and the lowest inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus (0.52±0.01cm). The antioxidant potential of different solvent extracts clearly that acetone extract of S. platensis showed highest percentage of DPPH (2, 2 diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity (75%) and highest values of phenolic contents (0.562mg/g DW). S. platensis displayed anticancer activity due to the productions of phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and other valuable products. Calf Serum was used to evaluate the potentiality of various S. platensis extracts to control the tumor effects in vitro. The cell proliferation assay showed that petroleum ether extract at a concentration of 125 μg ml-1 for 24hrs, significantly inhibited the growth of the Fetal Calf tumor cells (13% viability).
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
249
259
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_53857_62875ee1d5e64ee83cd4fd5313d31da0.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.11910.1306
Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Urban Tree Leaves
Naglaa
Youssef
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
LEAVES of nine tree species (Pinus halepensis Mill, Pinus sylvestris L., Cupressus italica, Cupressus arizoneka Greene, Quercus robur L., Quercus ilex L., Ficus nitida L., Eucalyptus globulus Labill and Casuarina equisetifolia L.) were used to inspect accumulation of heavy metals emitted at areas with different pollution load in Baku (Azerbaijan). Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb, Zr, Ti, V, Bi, Cd, Ni, and Zn were determined by inductive coupled plasma (ICP-MS) and EDRF (energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence). Concerning Fe, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Zr concentrations, the ICP results declared a relative increase. Unlike the rest species, the concentration of Ni in E. globulus, C. equisetifolia, F. nitida and C. italica leaf samples was higher than 10mg/kg, which is the beginning of toxic concentration. V concentration still in the normal range (0.2–1.5mg/kg). All tested tree leaves have Cr concentration within the toxic range (<5mg/kg), except P. halepensis, P. sylvestris and C. italica trees. The results showed a relatively high content of Zr in genus Quercus, ranging from 0.15 to 3.13ppm. The results of EDRF were slightly different, where higher Cu (8.07%), Zn (38.6%), I (55.12%) and Co (4.86%) characterizes the industrial site, whereas areas of high traffic dominated by elevated concentrations of Pb (9.91%), Cd (0.29%), Mo (0.17%) and Cr (59.05%). These variations enhanced the idea that these sites were influenced by different sources of pollution. The findings may be useful for future surveillance as preliminary reference values for levels of heavy metals in urban and industrial settings.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
261
273
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_55724_ceea8a58570d16bc728a294de85761c9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.15219.1344
Transferability of SSR Markers used for Assessment of Genetic Relationship in Five Species/Genera in Cucurbitaceae
Oyenike
Adeyemo
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Similoluwa
Adegoke
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Damilola
Oladapo
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Chidinma
Amaghereonu
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Afolabi
Thomas
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Ebirikwem
Ebirikwem
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Bolaji
Adeyinka
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
Wuraola
Amoda
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria
author
text
article
2020
eng
THIS STUDY assessed the genetic diversity and relationships among 24 local accessions across five genera of the Cucurbitaceae family including Lagenaria siceraria (gourd), Citrullus lanatus (‘’Egusi’’melon), Cucurbita pepo (pumpkin), Telfairia occidentalis (fluted pumpkin) and Trichosanthes cucumerina (snake tomato) based on the transferability of six L. siceraria (bottle gourd) and six C. pepo (pumpkin) derived SSR markers. The study revealed a high level of transferability of C. pepo markers, ranged from 83-100% across the genera/species. The transferability rate of the L. siceraria SSR markers was 66% within T. occidentalis and 83% in T. cucumerina. An average of 33% transferability of L. siceraria SSR markers amplified in C. pepo. The 12 SSR markers were polymorphic and a total of 109 alleles were obtained, ranging from 3 to 19 with an average of 9.08 per marker. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values ranged from 0.45 to 0.89 with an average of 0.79, indicating a high level of informativeness. Using un-weighted pair group method with arithmetic average cluster analysis (UPGMA), two groups of 15 and 9 accessions were identified, which comprised C. lanatus, Lagenaria siceraria and C. pepo, T. occidentalis and T. cucumerina accessions, respectively. The present study has shown the transferability of L. siceraria and C. pepo SSR markers across other genera in the Cucurbitaceae. The results also indicated the existence of a considerable level of inter/intraspecific genetic diversity and relationship among cucurbit species of the five genera under study.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
275
286
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_56692_9571179f88da29a173e4a0bd4ea755b7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.13562.1324
Role of Salicylic Acid in Alleviation of Aluminum Effects on Growth and Biochemical Processes in Lupin ( Lupinus termis L.) Plant
Mabroka
Moustafa
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
author
Hala
Mohamed
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
author
Nabil
Saber
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
author
Aida
El-Ekeili
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21511, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
HEAVY metal toxicity is one of the major abiotic stresses leading to inhibition of growth and yield of plants. Aluminum (Al3+) treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the fresh and dry biomasses of shoots and roots as well as leaf relative water content (RWC) of lupin plants. This reduction was associated with a significant decrease in IAA and GA3 contents and increase in ABA level. Furthermore, increasing Al3+ levels induced generation and accumulation of H2O2 and MDA in shoots and roots of lupin plants. The enhancement of oxidative stress was associated with biosynthesis of non-enzymatic antioxidants including proline, phenolics and trigonilline components together with an increase of G6PDH activity and NADP+/NADPH ratio. In addition, Al3+ stress triggered an increase in antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT, whereas GPx, PPO, GR, and APx activities were markedly suppressed. Priming treatment of lupin seeds with salicylic acid could considerably reverse the Al3+-induced inhibitory effects via induction of defense mechanisms and increase growth regulator contents.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
287
300
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_56694_fac7f8c1572700d3dccae96bfad9680c.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.15177.1343
Production, Purification, Characterization and Immobilization of Laccase from Phoma betae and its Application in Synthetic Dyes Decolorization
Eman
Ali
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, 12613, Giza, Egypt
author
Sawsan
Abd ellatif
Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City for Scientific Research and Technology Application, New Borg El-Arab, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
author
Elsayed
Abdel Razik
Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City for Scientific Research and Technology Application, New Borg El-Arab,21934, Alexandria, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
LACCASE (EC 1.10.3.2, p-diphenol: dioxygen oxidoreductases) is an extracellular enzyme found mainly in bacteria, fungi and plants. It has the ability to decolorize the hazardous synthetic dyes. Our study aimed to produce, purify, characterize and immobilize laccase from the fungus Phoma betae and its application in decolorization of synthetic dyes. Laccase was produced using both submerged and solid-state fermentations. Some inducers (ferulic acid, vertyl alcohol and CuSO4) for laccase production were used singly and in mixture. Significant increase in laccase production with all tested compounds was detected. Submerged fermentation induced laccase production than solid-state fermentation. Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) used for laccase purification and through Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS/PAGE) the molecular mass of the purified laccase was 37 kDa. Optimum temperature for lacasse activity was determined at 30°C using guaiacol assay. Enzyme was more stable at -4ºC than at -20 and -80ºC. Maximum laccase activity was found at pH 8. Effect of metal ions and inhibitors on laccase activity was studied. Ni2+ and K1+ induced laccase activity, while Na1+, Ag1+, Hg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, EDTA and SDS decreased laccase activity with different ratios. Laccase was immobilized in alginate beads. Both free and immobilized laccase were used to decolorize five synthetic dyes (Eriochrome Cyanine R, Merantine Brilliant Yellow 8G, Rhodamine 123, Solvent Orange 20 and Solvent Yellow 47) at concentration 0.2 g dye/L. Immobilized laccase decolorized dyes with higher yields than free one in all tested dyes. Phoma betae laccase is an efficient biocatalyst for synthetic dye decolorization.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
301
312
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_67011_5cf123061a1cadeaf8b3c95ba6c83c0b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2019.19226.1381
Exogenously-applied Salicylic Acid and Ascorbic Acid Modulate some Physiological Traits and Antioxidative Defense System in Zea mays L. Seedlings under Drought Stress
Naglaa
Loutfy
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
Mohamed
Azooz
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
Mona F.
Abou Alhamd
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
author
text
article
2020
eng
THIS WORK was undertaken to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid (SA) (0.0 and 0.5 mM) and ascorbic acid (AsA) (0.0 and 100 ppm) on enzymes activity, soluble sugars, and some physiological traits of maize seedlings (Zay mays L.) under drought stress using PEG-6000. In general, under drought conditions, significant reduction in plant biomass and photosynthetic pigments was detected. On the other hand, soluble sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose), soluble proteins, antioxidant enzymes activity [catalase (CAT), ascrobate peroxidase (APOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)], glutathione (GSH), proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were increased significantly under drought as compared to control. Shoots of tested plants were more affected by drought stress than roots. Seed presoaking in AsA or SA solutions resulted in massive increase in growth parameters, chlorophyll contents, osmoprotectants (soluble sugars, free amino acids and soluble proteins), antioxidant enzymes activity [ascrobate peroxidase (APOX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)] and non-enzymatic antioxidants [carotenoids, and glutathione (GSH)] content as compared to control. Conversely, proline, catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were decreased significantly. The present study established that, both salicylic acid and ascorbic acid alleviate drought stress in maize plants which could attribute to the increased in osmotic solutes and antioxidative capacity of maize plants.
Egyptian Journal of Botany
National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)
0375-9237
60
v.
1
no.
2020
313
324
https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_75771_a3ea94854c1590a2ec5735f016bb62b7.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.21608/ejbo.2020.20077.1400