@article { author = {}, title = {Availability of Detergent, Biodegraded by Bacillus subtilis, to Zea mays Nutrition}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {169-184}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.486}, abstract = {Acommon household detergent (Persil) was incubated with ………Bacillus subtilis.for 7 days. Phosphorus in the filtrate was used as a base for a complete nutrient solution for maize; in comparison with a standard nutrient solution containing KH2PO4 as a phosphorus source. Incubated detergent in low doses (up to the equivalent of 0.35 and 0.2 mM P for shoot and root, respectively) was beneficial to maize and was even superior to KH2PO4; but higher doses imposed a harmful effect. Uptake of P by maize was slightly greater from KH2PO4 than from incubated detergent. Uptake of K and Ca was reduced, while that of Na was increased by increasing P level in the medium. The reduction in K concentration of plant tissues was more pronounced in case of KH2PO4- than that of incubated detergent-treated plants. Incubated detergent favored Ca transport to the shoot, compared with KH2PO4. Nitrogen uptake was enhanced in response to increasing P level and this was associated with enhancing assimilation of nitrate (decreasing NO3-/total N ratio) in shoot but retarding assimilation (increasing NO3-/total N ratio) in roots.}, keywords = { Bacillus subtilis,biodegradation,detergent,Maize,Nutrients}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_486.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_486_0cb30d1c31189a1325b00129121e8ad5.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effects of Jasmonic and Salicylic Acids on Cell Division and Cell Cycle Progression}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {185-201}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.487}, abstract = {THIS STUDY is concerned with the effect of both salicylic and jasmonic acids on mitotic cell division of Allium cepa (Lilliaceae) root tips and their ability to induce chromosomal aberrations. The study also deals with the use of image cytometry and SDS-PAGE techniques to estimate the changes in the cell cycle progression and seed protein banding pattern, respectively. Root tips of Allium cepa (Lilliaceae) treated for 3, 6 and 24 hr. At the cytological level both hormones caused reduction in mitotic index, particularly in roots treated with higher concentrations. A wide range of chromosomal abnormalities such as stickiness, c-metaphase, bridges, chromosome breaks, micronuclei and polyploidy cells were recorded in roots treated with both hormones. The effect of salicylic and jasmonic acids on DNA content corresponding to the proportion of cell cycle phases were calculated. Cytophotometric analysis showed decrease in the proportion of cells with 2C value (G1 phase) and increase in the fraction of cells in S and G2 phases as they compared with control. The lowest concentration of jasmonic acid in root treated for 24 hr and the lowest concentration of salicylic acid in root treated for 3 or 24 hr contradict this result since they increase the number of cells at G1 phase. The effect of both hormones seems to work on G2/M checkpoint at higher concentrations. At the biochemical level jasmonic acid induces changes in the electrophoretic profiles of seed protein of Vicia faba (Fabaceae). These changes include the absence of some bands and the appearance}, keywords = { Allium,Vicia,Mitotic index,chromosomal aberrations,growth regulators,Image cytometry,SDS-PAGE}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_487.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_487_121f0ca721a76ed0a333f3b726b08e9d.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {The Impact of Stigmasterol on Growth, Productivity and Biochemical Response of Vicia faba L. Plants Grown Under Salt Stress}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {203-218}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.488}, abstract = {SALINITY is one of major abiotic stress that reduces the yield of ……..a wide variety of crops. We studied the effect of different salinity levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mmol NaCl) and the addition of stigmasterol (500 μmol) on growth, yield and biochemical composition (carbohydrates, proline, potein, phenolic compounds and inorganic cations) of Vicia faba seeds. Increasing salinity up to 200 mmol caused significant decreases in the growth and yield of V. faba. Salt stress induced the accumulation of phenolics, proline and Na+ in seeds, while the carbohydrate, total protein, K+, Ca2+ and P3+ content of seeds declined. When seeds were soaked in stigmasterol, the adverse effects of salinity were negated and significant increases were observed in growth, carbohydrates content, total protein, and cation content (K+, Ca2+ and P3+) as compared to untreated plants. Moreover, a new set of proteins was induced in the seeds of stigmasterol-treated plants, and these proteins presumably function in salt tolerance. The results indicate that stigmasterol has a positive impact on growth, yield quantity and quality of V. faba plants subjected to salt stress.}, keywords = { Vicia faba,Stigmasterol,productivity,salt stress,phenols,Protein profile}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_488.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_488_829798ff3f84346f0cad2d46a6808bb6.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Control of Fungal Paper Deterioration by Antifungal Drugs, Essential Oils, Gamma and Laser Irradiation}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {219-246}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.489}, abstract = {THIS STUDY aimed to control two selective fungi (Aspergillus parasiticus and Penicillium commune, causing biodeterioration of books and documents in storage areas of libraries) using antifungal drugs, essential oils (added singly and in combination), gamma irradiation and laser radiation. The results obtained indicated that fluconazole and clotrimazole were effective against A. parasiticus and P. commune, while nystatin was of lesser effect .P. commune showed more resistance than A. parasiticus to the antifungals (MIC60 determination). Cinnamon and clove oils were efficient antifungal agents, while garlic and thyme oils have no reasonable activities. The combination treatment revealed some synergestic interaction between garlic and thyme oils with antifungal drugs. Generally the highest control of both fungal species was shown by single treatment of clotrimazole. It was found that the two fungi responded differently against γ- irradiation .A. parasiticus was more tolerant than P .commune in dry biomass, while they were equal in γ- irradiation tolerance in the cfu / plate. The D10 determination revealed more tolerance of P. commune than A. parasiticus. The two fungal species showed resistance in their growth parameters (cfu and dry biomass) with laser beam treatment for 1-5 min. Reductions of 75% to 95% of control was detected after 10 and 15 min exposure to laser beam. The lethal effect, however, was observed after 20 min for both fungi.}, keywords = {Control paper biodeterioration,Aspergillus parasiticus and Penicillium commune,antifungal drugs,Essential oils,Gamma Irradiation,Laser radiation}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_489.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_489_dcaeea2d30dfb020bfa60c7ae9a56c62.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Fluconazole and Terbinafine on the Activities of Lanosterol 14 α-Demethylase and Squalene Epoxidase in Ergosterol Biosynthetic Pathway}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {247-262}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.490}, abstract = {THE ACTIVITIES of the ergosterol biosynthetic enzymes, lanosterol 14α-demethylase and squalene epoxidase were assayed by measuring the ergosterol content of C. albicans cell membrane under different antifungal drug treatments as compared to control. The ergosterol was measured using the spectrophotometric sterol quantification method. Fluconazole (lanosterol 14 α-demethylase inhibitor) and terbinafine (squalene epoxidase inhibitor) inactivate both enzymes and stopped the ergosterol biosynthesis completely in susceptible isolates of C. albicans. Partial inhibition was observed in resistant isolates of C. albicans. Combined mixture of fluconazole (FLU) with terbinafine (TRB) acted synergistically on the ergosterol biosynthetic enzymes leasing to disappearance of the 4-peaked curve characteristic to ergosterol.Keywords: Candida albicans, Lanosterol 14α-demethylase, Squalene epoxidase, Antifungal drugs, Ergosterol}, keywords = {Candida albicans,Lanosterol 14α-demethylase,Squalene epoxidase,antifungal drugs,Ergosterol}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_490.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_490_974ac2c00dec3a594f15b3691dd2e7d8.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Biological Control of Pink Bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) by protease and Lipase Enzymes Produced from Streptomyces vinaceusdrappus SA (AB857336)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {263-279}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.491}, abstract = {TREPTOMYCES vinaceusdrappus SA was subjected to …...submerged fermentation under optimum conditions, at 30C and pH 7.0 in presence of 1% casein & 0.5% maltose and 0.5 % yeast & 1% sucrose for 6 and 5 days for protease and lipase production, respectively, under static conditions. Partial purification of protease and lipase were carried out by70% ammonium sulphate precipitation, dialysis, Sephadex G100 and finally Sephadex G50. The specific activities of protease and lipase at final purification step were 116.7 and 104.9 U mg-1 protein compared to 8.4 and 8.9 U mg-1 crude proteins, with yield 37 and 29 %, respectively. Both enzymes gave single homogenous band of 71 kDa by SDS- PAGE. Also, their optimum pH was 7.0 and they had pH stability from 7.0 – 11.0. The maximum enzyme activities obtained at 55oC and 60°C with Tm (half life temperature) values 86.5 and 83.9ەC for protease and lipase, respectively. The penetration of newly hatched larvae of pink bollworm into the cotton bolls after being dipped in crude or purified protease and lipase each alone or in mixture (v/v) were studied. The results revealed that the penetration percent decreased in pure enzymes than crude. Treatment with the mixed crude enzymes decreased the percentage of penetration than of each enzyme alone. Also, crude lipase , protease and their mixture had repellent action for pink bollworm moths. Moreover, there was highly significant effect on the deformed adult percentage compared with control since the pure enzyme had effective role than crude enzyme.}, keywords = {Biocontrol, Pectinophora gossypiella,Larval and Pupal mortality percent,Protease and Lipase enzymes,Kinetic properties}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_491.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_491_c4d5ae79c97653a49d3d3bb607f688c4.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Salinity on Biochemical Traits and Photosynthesis-Related Gene Transcription in Chlorella vulgaris}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {281-294}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.492}, abstract = {THIS STUDY was conducted to investigate the effect of NaCl on ……the physiological and biochemical traits of Chlorella vulgaris. The Alga was exposed to different concentrations of NaCl ranging from 50-300 mM besides control over a period of 10-20 days. Total chlorophyll contents and carotenoids levels were increased at low NaCl concentrations but significantly reduced at higher concentrations. It is interesting to note that total free amino acids and proline contents increased at low and moderate NaCl concentrations. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes; CAT, POD, PPO, and SOD; were noticeably increased by increasing salt concentration up to 200 mM and thereafter declined. The photosynthetic related genes expression; rbcL, psaB, and psbC; were significantly reduced at all NaCl concentrations. The results indicated that salt stress inhibits PSII efficiency and reduces the overall CO2 assimilation rate in Chlorella vulgaris}, keywords = { Chlorella vulgaris,salinity,Pigment fraction,Antioxidant enzymes,Photosynthetic genes transcript}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_492.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_492_c267105f85fb8733419b7d343e5858aa.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Allelopathic Potentiality of Heliotropium curassavicum L. and H.bacciferum Forssk.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {295-316}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.493}, abstract = {Aotropium curassavicum and H. bacciferum on the growth parameters of Calotropis procera and Faba sativa. Ground shoot powder with three application rates of 2.5, 5 and 10 g per 8 kg soil for the two Heliotropium species treatment referred as T1, T2 and T3; respectively, were evenly mulched on the soil surface of the test species. The present study showed that the inhibitory effect of H.curassavicum on the growth of the test species was generally more than that of H. bacciferum. Values of root-shoot (R:S) ratios for C.procera treated with either H. curassavicum or H. bacciferum mulches, were less than unity while the same measurements for F.sativa were more than unity. Less number of flowers per individual was recorded in the treated F. sativa in comparison to that of C.procera. Comparing dry matter allocation of C. procera plant organs in most growth stages and treatments demonstrated that, percent allocation of leaves > stem > root > flowers. Dry matter allocation to roots in the case of F. sativa plants treated with either H.curassavicum or H. bacciferum, gave maximum values as compared to other plant organs. Growth analysis of the two test species and the variation in growth criteria in response to the effect of mulching treatments included relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), leaf area ratio (LAR), specific leaf area (SLA) and specific leaf weight (SLW) were studied. The RGRs of the two test species generally decreased as the plant age proceeded. The present study recommends the use of the two Heliotropium species for the biocontrol of harmful shrubs such as C. procera and at the same time alerts of the inhibitory effect of these species on the growth of economic plants such as F. sativa.}, keywords = {Allelopathic potentiality, Heliotropium curassavicum,Heliotropium bacciferum,Dry matter allocation,growth parameters}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_493.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_493_c256fd73f4199ba32b2118cfa1b7a35c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Evaluation of Allelopathic Effect of White Lupin (Lupinus termis L.) Leaf Extract on the Biochemical Dynamics of Common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {317-232}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.494}, abstract = {ALLELOPATHY has become a much more important phenomenon in biological control method of weeds in any kind of agricultural practices. So, the present study has been carried out to evaluate the allelopathic influence of the Lupinus leaf extract on biochemical constituents and enzymatic activities of the Portulaca oleracea L. plant. The obtained results indicate that induction of calmodulin (CaM), abscisic acid (ABA) and indole acetic acid (IAA) levels in the P. oleracea plant under the effect of Lupinus leaf extract. Also, seed germination, total soluble sugars, total lipids, total amino acids and total protein contents were reduced in P. oleracea under treatment with Lupinus leaf extract. The extract induced the activities of both α-amylase and IAA oxidase but inhibited the activities of nitrate reductase (EC, 1.7.1.3), glutamine synthetase (EC, 6.3.1.2) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (EC, 1.2.4.1). Thus, allelopathic extract of the L. termis may be used as eco-friendly natural herbicide for management of the P. oleracea.}, keywords = {Allelopathy,Calmodulin,abscisic acid,indole acetic acid, Lupinus termis,Portulaca oleracea}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_494.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_494_325c27a34f5fe909d5b6999d27254d49.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Biochemical Constituents and Antioxidant Capacity of Some Seaweeds from Red and Mediterranean Coasts of Egypt}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {54}, number = {2}, pages = {333-346}, year = {2014}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2014.495}, abstract = {PHYTOCHEMICAL screening was performed on six algal .genera belonging to three marine macroalgal divisions (Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta) collected from the coastal region of Red and Mediterranean coasts, Egypt during spring (2012). The antioxidant potential of the candidate seaweeds was evaluated by measuring the ferric reducing power (FRAP), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total phenol and flavonoids, ascorbic acid as well as glutathione contents were determined. Significant individual differences of the biochemical parameters were recorded in all tested marine algae. The macroalgal phytochemical analysis showed quantitative variations in the total soluble and insoluble carbohydrates and proteins as well as the glycerol contents. The highest accumulation of carbohydrate was estimated in the members of Chlorophyta followed by Phaeophyta and Rhodophyta divisions. The protein content was higher in the species of Rhodophyta, moderate in Chlorophyta and the lowest was estimated in the members of Phaeophyta. In addition, the maximum glycerol content was recorded in Dictyota. Green algae exhibited greater levels of chlorophylls a and b. However, among all the studied three groups, the highest carotenoids were estimated in Padina followed by Dictyota; both belonging to Phaeophyta while the lowest carotenoid content was recorded in Gracelaria (Rhodophyta).The highest carbohydrate content was recorded in Enteromorpha where the lowest phenol was estimated. Results also revealed that, there was no relation between antioxidant activity and total phenols or flavonoid content. All the studied species are considered to be a rich source of antioxidants (ASA and GSH). Accordingly, these seaweed species have a high anti-oxidative potential and can provide dietary alternatives.}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Biochemical composition, Ferric reducing power,Seaweeds}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_495.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_495_6e70cb63bc5a85e6491f738e4fad7bf2.pdf} }