@article { author = {}, title = {Effect of Salt Stress on Growth, Antioxidant Enzymes, Lipid Peroxidation and Some Metabolic Activities in Some Fresh Water and Marine Algae}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {1-15}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.221}, abstract = {THE OBJECTIVE of this research was to compare physiological response of fresh water algae (Chlorella vulgaris) and marine algae (Chlorella salina) to different salinity levels. These algae were isolated and cultivated in appropriate media for a period of 8 days., C. vulgaris could survive till 0.8 molar NaCl, while the marine strain (C. salina) survived up to 2 molar NaCl. Thus, the marine alga showed a wide range of salinity tolerance, whereas the fresh water alga showed a narrows range of salinity tolerance. The dry weight of C. salina was 2-folds at 1M NaCl and slightly changed at 2 M NaCl as compared to the control value. In C. vulgaris dry weight was progressively decreased with increase of salinity. Hypo and hyper saline media induced significant stimulation in photosynthesis pigments, carbohydrate, protein, Na+ and K+ contents in C. salina. On the other hand, free amino acids, proline, MDA contents and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD and APX) were generally decreased. In contrary, salt stress exerted inhibitory effects on photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, protein and K+ contents of the fresh water alga. Free amino acids, proline, Na+, MDA contents and antioxidant enzyme activities were markedly increased in C. vulgariswith increase of salinity stress. The great salinity tolerance of C. salina, compared to C. vulgaris may be due to the effect of habitat on the behavior of the algae as being controlled with specific habitat gene (s).}, keywords = {Fresh water algae,Marine algae,Chlorella,Salt stress, Physiological responses}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_221.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_221_0b48b2fab1f5d4b10aaa463468b82bb2.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Genetic Diversity Among Varieties and Hybrid Lines of Pea (pisum sativuml.) as Revealed by Morphological Traits and SSR Markers}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {17-29}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.222}, abstract = {GENETIC diversity among five pea varieties and 20 hybrid lines was investigated based on variation in 33 morphological traits and polymorphism created by 19 SSR primers. Measurements of morphological traits clearly indicated that hybrids generally have more vigor compared to their parents. The analysis of genetic diversity using the NTSYS-pc and the CAP software produced UPGMA, NJ and CAP trees of similar topologies. In all trees, Var. Sugarless and its hybrids were separated as one group, Var. Master B and most of its hybrids as another group and Var. Lincoln, Var. Little Marvel and Var. Luxer and some of their hybrids were distinguished as different groups. Close distance was particularly found between Var. Sugarless and the hybrids Sugarless x Master B, Sugarless x Lincoln, Sugarless x Little Marvel, Sugarless x Luxer, and Luxer x Sugarless and Lincoln x Sugarless. On the other hand, low distance was observed between Var. Master B and the hybrids Master B x Lincoln, Master B x Little Marvel, Master B x Luxer, Little Marvel x Master B and Luxer x Master B. These findings may be used to guide future breeding of pea genotypes into commercial lines.}, keywords = {pea, Pisum sativum,genetic variation,molecular markers,ISSR,Plant breeding}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_222.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_222_edbf9b65dbaee070e9fb3d6592d976be.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Prevalence of Panton Valentine Leukocidin Gene in Methicillin Resistant and Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Isolated from Egyptian Hospitals}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {31-44}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.223}, abstract = {STAPHYLOCOCCUS aureus (S. aureus) carrying Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) has become a serious global problem. PantonValentine leukocidin-positive Staphylococcus aureus can result in several infections. Although it is associated with community acquired methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), several outbreaks due to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) were reported. This study was conducted to determine the frequency of PVL-positive gene in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) among isolates from Egyptian hospitals. Various clinical samples were collected from two Egyptian hospitals, one in Cairo and the other in Zagazig Governorates. The samples were collected from January 2010 to December 2010 and subjected to culture then bacterial identification. S. aureus was identified by conventional methods then MRSA and MSSA isolates were identified using sensitivity test for both oxacillin and cefoxitin and the results were compared with Chrom ID MRSA (Chromogenic media for detection of MRSA). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the PVL gene among 42 MRSA and 25 MSSA isolates. Among PCR tested isolates, 11.9% of S. aureus isolates harbored the PVL gene (8/67). Five MRSA isolates were harboring the gene representing also 11.9% (5/42). Three among 25 MSSA isolates were PVL positive (12%). Accordingly, no significant difference was observed between MRSA and MSSA regarding the presence of the PVL gene. On the other hand, no PVL gene was detected among 10 Gram positive isolates other than S. aureus (3 of them were coagulase negative Staphylococci).}, keywords = {}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_223.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_223_2ac2615b22cbec534c4333cd665bc346.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Effect of some Environmental Factors on the Distributions and Chlorophyll Contents of Fresh Water Phytoplankton of the River Nile before El-Qanater El-Khairia Barrage, Egypt.}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {45-60}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.224}, abstract = {INVESTIGATIONS were carried out on the seasonal variations, ….. biodiversity and chlorophyll contents of phytoplankton in relation to physico-chemical parameters of the River Nile water before El-Qanater El-Khairia barrage during two successive years (from summer 2006 to spring 2008). The detected phytoplankton community consisted of 176 species in 62 genera of six systematic algal divisions. Chlorophyta (42.05%) recorded the highest population followed by Bacillariophyta (40.91%), Cyanophyta (9.65%) and Euglenophyta (5.11%). Pyrrophyta and Xanthophyta were less dominant. Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta and Cyanophyta were responsible for the remarkable fluctuations in the phytoplanktonic picture of the investigated water. The highest number of taxa of all divisions was recorded in summer 2006. These may due to the highest recorded values in K+, Cl-, NO3-, and PO4-3 with lowest values in the electrical conductivity (E.C), total dissolved salts (TDS), HCO3- and CO32- during this season. Algal productivity (as number of individuals L-1) attained its highest value during summer 2007, while its lowest value was recorded in winter 2008. These may correlated to the highest recorded values of temperature, silicate and bicarbonate in association with complete depletion in Phosphorus and Carbonate values in the same season. The lowest number of taxa and the total algal productivity (as number of individuals L-1) of all divisions were recorded during winter 2008. This was positively correlated with the relative increased in Sulphate, Carbonate, Magnesium and Phosphate concentrations during winter 2008.This may attribute to death and decomposition of aquatic microorganisms in this season. Summer 2006 showed maximum values in both Shannon-Weaver diversity (H) and species richness (D). There more or less positive correlations between the fluctuations of total chlorophyll contents (ug L-1) and those of total}, keywords = {Fresh water phytoplankton,physico-chemical parameters,Algal chlorophyll contents,diversity,Shannon’s index}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_224.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_224_b3626af247f2528c1f2147a38ec93900.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Genetic Diversity Among Populations of the Medicinal Plant Achillea fragrantissima (Asteraceae) in Egypt (Retracted)}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {61-78}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.225}, abstract = {SUBSTANTIAL variation, in morphological traits was observed among 20 populations of A. fragrantissima in Egypt. Such variation was reflected in the clustering of the examined populations as major groups, one representing populations in the mountainous area of South Sinai and the other populations growing at lower elevations in the middle of Sinai and the desert west of the Suez canal from Suez in the east to Cairo in the west. Five populations in the eastern part of Sinai near Nuwieba and Taba on the Gulf of Aqaba were loosely assigned to the first group. The clustering of A. fragrantissima populations based on ISSR markers also showed two major groups more or less similar to the groups obtained from the analysis of morphological traits. The populations growing at high elevations in South Sinai, under lower temperature and higher humidity, were characterized by high number of total and polymorphic ISSR markers compared to other populations. Unique ISSR markers were observed in the fingerprinting of seven populations including five populations growing in the high mountains of Saint Catherine area in South Sinai and two populations growing at low elevation South east of Cairo. A noteworthy observation is that unique bands are found in populations that possess traits associated with plant size and seed yield as well as better vigor. These are important criteria for selection of populations for conservation and commercial use of A. fragrantissima.}, keywords = {Achillea fragrantissima,Genetic diversity,Egypt,ISSR markers,conservation}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_225.html}, eprint = {} } @article { author = {}, title = {Biochemical Response of Rice Plant to Biotic and Abiotic Stress under Silica Ions and Nanoparticles Application}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {79-103}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.226}, abstract = {SALINITY and wilt disease are of the most popular stress conditions that face crops specially rice, our study aims to evaluate the biochemical response of rice plants to wilt disease and salinity stress under silica ions and nanoparticles application. Rice plants grew under Fusarium infection (wilt disease) stress and irrigated with five different concentrations of NaCl in peat moss incorporated with sodium silicate solution and peat moss similarly supplemented with nano silica solution, the samples were collected for biochemical analysis in three stages (3, 6 and 9 days from treatment). The pigments, plasma membrane permeability, H2O2, lipid peroxidation, antioxidant enzymes and proline content were determined. The results showed that the silica ions caused improvement of the biochemical status of rice plants under the applied biotic and abiotic stress, while nano silica caused suppression of these criteria under the same biotic and abiotic stress condition.}, keywords = {rice,silicon,nanosilica,Fusarium,salinity}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_226.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_226_d25c36d427ac55802513aa8cefa018c0.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Heavy Metal Acquisition from Drain Water, Sediment and Soil by two Species of Amphibious Plants}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {105-125}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.227}, abstract = {THE PRESENT study was carried out in El-Khmseen canal, which …. receives irrigation water from a main, AL-Zomar canal, which passes, along Saft El-Laban town in Giza Governorate. El-Khamseen canal lies about 8.2 km southwest of Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. The canal is contaminated with the agricultural effluents, in addition to a lot of domestic pollutants and discharges resulting from the small industrial units such as paints and ceramic manufacturing. Additional sources of pollution are burning of charcoal and garbage by the farmers and the traffic emissions. The study was focused on the assessment of heavy metal content in two aquatic and one canal bank macrophytes in comparison with water, sediment and soil. Different plant parts (viz. rhizomes, living leaves, dead leaves and living roots) representing two aquatic macrophytes (Cyperus alopecuroides and Phragmites australis) and a third canal bank species; Phragmites australis. Sediments, soil, and water, were analyzed for Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Fe. Results elucidated that concentrations of Mn, Cu and Pb were higher in soils than in sediments. Roots were the most efficient hyperaccumulating organs, giving higher bioconcentration factor (BCF) values. The contents of heavy metals in the studied species followed the order: Fe > Mn > Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. The investigation elucidated that the living roots of the studied species are hyperaccumulators for Fe, moderate accumulators for Mn, and Zn, poor accumulators for Cu and Pb and scarce accumulators for Cd. The content of all metal ions in the different organs of the studied species obeyed the order: living roots > dead roots > dead leaves > living leaves > culms and rhizomes. High Translocation Factor (TF) values of the test species confirm the capability of their roots to accumulate heavy metals and their translocation to the shoots. Therefore, rhizofiltration was found to be the best mechanism to explain that Phragmites australis and Cyperus alopecuroides are promising species for phytoremediation of wastewater and soil.}, keywords = {Rhizofiltration – Heavy metals – Bioconcentration – Translocation Factor}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_227.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_227_4402808f5155cdf1deebc4f4baead6e6.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Biosynthesis of laccase by Aspergillus flavus NG85 Isolated from Saint Catherine protectorate}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {127-147}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.228}, abstract = {THE MICROFLORAL pictures of Saint Catherine protectorate, Giza Zoo Garden and Cairo University soil were studied. The obtained 31 microbial isolates were qualitatively and quantitatively screened for laccase production. Aspergillus flavusfrom Saint Catherine protectorate achieved highest laccase production on both solid and liquid media. Identification of this fungal species was further confirmed at the molecular level based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) identities and was found to be A. flavus strain NG85. The fungus produced statistically highest amounts of laccase after 10 days of growth at 36.7oC and when growth medium was adjusted at pH 5. D-glucose at a concentration of 24 g/l was the best carbon source. The leading nitrogen source was peptone used at 2.51 g/l. Supplementation of copper sulfate at concentration 10 μM to the optimized growth medium caused an increase of 122% in enzyme yield. The crude laccase preparation of A. flavusNG85 from Saint Catherine protectorate showed antiproliferative activity against colon carcinoma cells (HCT-116) and breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7) with IC50 values of 24.3 and 41.3 μg/ml, respectively, and a less inhibitory effect against hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG-2).}, keywords = {Laccase,Aspergillus flavus NG85,Biosynthesis,Optimization,Cytotoxic activsityord}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_228.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_228_75ac597dc2c7332b6189b261541aff01.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Elimination of Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (genus Tospovirus) From Infected Tomato Plants by Meristem Tip Culture}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {149-159}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.229}, abstract = {TOMATO plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) is an economically ……important crop in Egypt and rest of the world. Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV, family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus) is a common tomato-infective virus in Egypt. The elimination of TSWV by meristem tip culture without other treatment was studied. Virus-free plants were obtained when using meristem tips smaller than 0.5mm. Optimal tissue culture and propagation protocol were established. Elimination of TSWV was indexed and authenticated by Immuno Capture Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (IC/RT-PCR). The combination of an efficient protocol for virus elimination from infected plants and the establishment of a sensitive diagnostic test resulted in the production of tomato plants free from TSWV.}, keywords = {IC/RT-PCR,TSWV,Meristem tip culture,Virus elimination}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_229.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_229_010080a625e59bcf6fbbcfca0630485c.pdf} } @article { author = {}, title = {Preliminary Authentication of Some Acacia L. Species in Taif Highlands}, journal = {Egyptian Journal of Botany}, volume = {55}, number = {1}, pages = {161-174}, year = {2015}, publisher = {National Information and Documentation Center (NIDOC), Academy of Scientific Research and Technology (ASRT)}, issn = {0375-9237}, eissn = {2357-0350}, doi = {10.21608/ejbo.2015.230}, abstract = {ALTHOUGH their wide distribution in arid lands and their many uses that include fodder and fuel besides the environmental values of soil stabilization, Acacia species are vulnerable to elimination in Saudi Arabia. In this study, seed morphology and patterns of their coat surface sculpture as revealed by scanning electron microscopy besides both seed proteins and seven isozymes profiles were employed for the discrimination and authentication the vulnerable Saudi Arabian Acacia collected from the western region of the kingdom. The scanning electron microscopic study displayed diversity in shape, dimensions, color, central aerole features and coat topography of seeds among different species to be characteristic for each species. Seed protein and isozyme profiles showed high variability among studied species. The UPGMA phenogram and genetic similarity analysis based on combination of seed morphology, protein, and isozyme patterns confirmed the extensive genetic diversity existed in Acacia species.}, keywords = { Acacia,SDS-PAGE,Isozyme,Seed surface,SEM}, url = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_230.html}, eprint = {https://ejbo.journals.ekb.eg/article_230_76550e4af007e54c5d6f4788c9afb699.pdf} }